Review article

Animal role in the COVID-19 pandemic

Helena Židak orcid.org/0000-0001-9627-5575
Vladimir Stevanović ; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Ljubo Barbić ; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

The first cases of human disease from COVID-19 were recorded in December 2019 in China, from where it spread rapidly around the world. COVID-19, the third emerging coronavirus infection in humans, is caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can cause a severe acute respiratory syndrome in some infected individuals. Previous research has revealed the possible animal origin of SARS-CoV-2, with bats considered as natural reservoirs and pangolins as intermediate hosts. To better understand COVID-19 and more successfully control the spread, domestic and wild animals have been infected in experimental conditions. On the other hand, in some species, infections have been recorded in field conditions. Natural infections have been reported in dogs, cats, tigers, lions, and minks, who have been in contact with SARS-CoV-2 positive humans. The reverse transmission of the pathogen, from infected animals to humans, has only been recorded on intensive mink farms. To better understand the pathogenesis of this disease’s causative agent, drugs and vaccine trials, some experimental infections were performed on animal models, of which ferrets, rhesus macaques, and hamsters proved to be the most suitable. This article aimed to consolidate known data on the potential origin of SARS-CoV-2, its transmission to humans, infections in animals, and their significance in the epidemiology of COVID-19.

Keywords

COVID-19; infection; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus, animals; transmission

Hrčak ID:

261446

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/261446

Publication date:

17.6.2021.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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