Review article
The common dementias in elderly population: Limbic Age-Related TDP-43 Encephalopathy and Primary Age-Related Tauopathy
Nenad Bogdanović
; Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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* Corresponding author.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia and accounts for 60% of dementia syndromes in people older than 75 years. Alzheimer-like clinical picture is often assumed to be the underlying cause of dementia in elderly patients. The correct classification of AD and non-AD is mandatory to study disease mechanisms or new treatment possibilities. A typical clinical picture for AD consists of a progressive cognitive impairment, brain imaging that is in line with AD, and CSF biomarkers and APOE genotype supporting the diagnosis of AD. Use of biomarkers have carried out individuals with mild cognitive impairment who are amyloid-negative addressing a conceptually separate clinical entity named suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathophysiology (SNAP). SNAP clinical progression can mimic AD that makes final diagnose and treatment up to 30% uncertain in the clinical centers that are not using biomarkers. The neurobiological bases non-AD pathologies are common with advancing age in impaired and clinically normal elderly people. These limbic pathologies include argyrophilic grain disease, Tangle predominant dementia, TDP-43 proteinopathy with the prevalence of dementia up to 20%. The terms Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) and Limbic-dominant TDP-43 age-related encephalopathy (LATE) have been proposed as a most common and useful practical clinical construct to describe this phenomenon in >80 years old individuals. Thus, it is highly important to establish the correct timely diagnosis and to start an adequate/personalized therapeutic intervention.
Keywords
SNAP; LATE; PART; atypical Alzheimer; dementia; elderly
Hrčak ID:
318617
URI
Publication date:
25.6.2024.
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