Review article
The names of cattle in individual places in the Republic of Croatia and Herzegovina over history
Petar Džaja
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Magdalena Palić
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
*
Ivan Križek
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Tomislav Žorat
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Stipe Ćenan
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Krešimir Severin
; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
This paper presents a total of 1243 names of cows, whether the same name with a different pronunciation, or a derivative of a personal name. The paper presents 736 directly motivated and 422 indirectly motivated names given to cows, that is, a total of 1158 names. Of the names that are indirectly motivated, those relating to the colour of the cow’s hair include 359 names (34 white, 24 yellow, 11 golden, 72 red, 18 grey, 54 black, 23 dark brown, 20 blue, 15 green and 88 multi-coloured names), 125 cows’ names relating to a specific feature (28 indicating a flower on the head, 54 suggesting spots, marks or stripes, 3 related to a
birthmark, 14 to a specific type of marking and 26 names related to different colours on different parts of the body), 154 names were motivated by other physical characteristics (28 names by the size of the animal’s constitution, 30 names by the size of a body part or specific appearance, 13 names that relate to the animal’s hair, and 83 names relating to a physical failing or fault), 52 cows’ names relate to the cows’ characteristics (23 motivated by behaviour, 3 related to strength, 6 according to the way the animal moves, 14 names relating to their role in the herd), 46 names were related to the animal’s age and order of calving (6 names indicating youth, 2 old age, and 38 relating to the order of calving in the herd), One hundred and thirty-six cases involved indirectly motivated names based on the names of other mammals, 15 of birds, 3 of insects, 5 of fish, 92 of plants, 6 cases of names related to the colour white, 3 related to red, and 3 related to dark colours. There were 5 names related to the size and constitution of the body, 16 motivated by appellatives relating to humans, 50 based on anthroponyms (personal names), 5 oeconyms, 5 names related to hydronyms, 1 to breed, 12 names indicated the relationship of the owner to the animal, that is beauty, 42 related to popularity, and 23 cow names were unclear. A total of 726 directly motivated and 411 indirectly motivated names given to cows were collected, that is, a total of 1137 cows’
names. Fifty-three cows’ names should by added to the figure of 1158 cattle names, which are not included in the list of direct or indirect cows’ names, but were listed by the authors Kurelac (1867, 32 names), Zovko (1896, 1 name), Prohaska (1917b, two names), Kadić (1943, 3 names) and Grujić (1928, 16 names) as well as 14 names of cows from the Đurđevac Registry of 1909, and 18 cows’ names from the Kataloga rasplodne stoke (Catalogue of Breeding Stock) from Zagreb dated 1933, which brings us to a total of 1243 cows’ names in this paper.
Keywords
cow names; history; Republic of Croatia; Herzegovina
Hrčak ID:
320835
URI
Publication date:
23.9.2024.
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