Review article
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30925/zpfsr.47.2.13
Liability for Damage Caused by the Use of Chatbots
Vedran Kruljac
orcid.org/0009-0004-0488-9596
; University North, Croatia
*
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
The rapid development of chatbots as the most widespread form of application of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, while offering numerous advantages in the fields of information, education, and business, also raises the issue of legal liability for harmful consequences that may arise from their use. In certain cases, such consequences may affect the exercise of fundamental human rights, including the right to life and health. The key issue arising in this context concerns legal liability for damage caused by the use of chatbots. Although the adoption of the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) represents a significant step forward by the European Union in regulating artificial intelligence compared to the rest of the world, case law within the European Union concerning civil liability for damage caused by the use of AI tools remains in its infancy. Therefore, in addition to examining the relevant regulatory framework and the case law of European courts, this paper also considers the judicial practice in other legal systems. Based on the analysis conducted, the paper identifies the key legal issues relating to liability for damage caused by the use of chatbots and discusses possible directions for the future development of civil liability in this field.
Keywords
artificial intelligence; chatbots; liability for damage; civil liability.
Hrčak ID:
350952
URI
Publication date:
15.9.2026.
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