Original scientific paper

Patho-biochemical studies on hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity on exposure to chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid in layer chickens

Abdoalwahab M. Kammon ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
Rajinder S. Brar ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
Harmanjit S. Banga ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
Sandeep Sodhi ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India

Abstract

The hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and imidacloprid (IMC) insecticides were experimentally studied in layer chickens, taking into account the patho-biochemical alterations. The LD50 values estimated were 41 mg/kg bw and 104.1 mg/kg bw for CPF and IMC, respectively. The plasma cholineesterase enzyme was severely inhibited in chickens given a single dose of CPF at a rate of 55 mg/kg bw via oral gavage, while it remained unchanged in chickens given IMC at rate of 139 mg/kg bw via similar route. The activities of liver function enzymes viz. AKP, ALT and AST were significantly increased in chickens of CPF and IMC groups. Uric acid level was significantly increased and cholesterol level was only significantly reduced in the plasma of chickens administrated CPF. Plasma glucose values in chickens given CPF as well as in chickens given IMC were significantly increased at (P<0.01) and (P<0.05), respectively. Microscopically, liver tissue of CPF intoxicated chickens showed degeneration, coagulative necrosis and hemorrhages. The kidneys showed hemorrhages, vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelial cells as well as focal coagulative necrosis. Microscopic lesions of a similar type were observed in chickens given IMC. The exposure to CPF and IMC produced histopathological changes that could be correlated with changes in the biochemical profile of layer chickens.

Keywords

chickens; chlorpyrifos; hepatotoxicity; imidacloprid; nephrotoxicity; pathology

Hrčak ID:

62160

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/62160

Publication date:

26.10.2010.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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