Competitiveness of the BRICS Countries on the Field of International Higher Education
Klíčová slova:
BRICS, higher education, competiveness, ranking, development, societyAbstrakt
The aim of this study is to examine the higher education of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries from the perspective of international student mobility and international competitiveness. The WEF-GCI, the UNESCO and the QS database provided data for the analysis. The extracted data were analyzed using descriptive statistical comparative and time series analysis methods. The study reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the higher education systems of the BRICS countries. The higher education of this group of countries could not be considered homogeneous. Brazil, China and South Africa are the strongest on the subfield of academic reputation, Brazil and China in the employer reputation, India in the citations per faculty while Russia in the faculty-to-student ratio and reception of students outside of the country. However, internationalization in general is a strategic area that needs improvement in all these countries. The goal of this research is to give a brief summary of the position of the BRICS countries in the field of international student mobility.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Reference
Boda, Gy., Juhász, P., Stocker, M. (2009), “A tudás mint termelésitényező”Közgazdaság, Vol 2009/3, pp. 117-132, available at: http://unipub.lib.uni-corvinus.hu/291/1/9-boda-juhasz.pdf(4/14/ 2016) 2. BRIC Forum (2009), 1st BRIC meeting at Yekaterinburg, Russia, available at:http://www.bricsforum.com/yekaterinburg/ (16/6/2009)
BRIC Forum (2010), 2nd BRIC Summit of Heads of State and Government: Joint Statement Brasília, April 15, 2010, available at: http://www.bricsforum.com/brasilia/(16/6/2009)
BRIC Forum (2011), 3rd BRIC Summit, Sanya Declaration Sanya, Hainan, China, April 14, 2011 available at: http://www.bricsforum.com/sanya/ (4/14/ 2016)
BRICs and Beyond (2007), Goldman Sachs, 2007, p. 272.
BRICS Forum (2012), 4th BRICS Summit, New Delhi, India, on 29 March. 2012 available at: http://www.bricsforum.com/new-delhi/(4/14/ 2016)
BRICS Forum (2013), 5th BRICS Academic Forum 11th and 12th of March 2013 in Durban, South-Africa available at:http://www.bricsforum.com/durban/(4/14/ 2016)
BRICS Forum (2014), 6th BRICS Summit, Fortaleza, Brazil, on 15 July 2014, available at: http://www.bricsforum.com/fortaleza/(4/14/ 2016)
BRICS Forum (2015), 7th BRICS Summit, Russian city of Ufa in Bashkortostan on 8–9 July 2015, available at:http://en.brics2015.ru/documents/(4/14/ 2016) 10. Casella, P. B. (2011), „Brics - Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul — Uma perspectiva de cooperaçãointernacional” São Paulo: Editora Atlas, available at: http://funag.gov.br/loja/download/851-Catalogo_Bibliografico_-_BRICS.pdf(4/11/2016)
Chen, T. M., Barnett, G. A. (2000),“Research on international student flows from a macro perspective: A network analysis of 1985, 1989 and 1995”, Higher Education Vol. 39 pp. 435-453: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1003961327009#page-1(4/11/2016)
Choudaha, R., Chang, L. (2012) “Trends in International Student Mobility World Education News & Reviews”, Vol. 25 No.2, February 2012, available at: http://www.wes.org/RAS/TrendsInInternationalStudentMobility.pdf(4/11/ 2016)
Hirata, H., Kose M. A., Otrok, K. (2013), “Regionalization vs. Globalization” pp. 64. CAMA Working Paper 09/2013
Mészáros, R., (2012), “A BRIC országok, FöldrajziKözlemények” 2012. 136. 1. pp. http://foldrajzitarsasag.hu/downloads/foldrajzi_kozlemenyek_2012_136_evf_1_pp_037.pdf(4/14/2016)
Morazán, P., Knoke, I., Knoblauch, D.,Schäfer, T. (2012), “The Role of Brics in the Developing World. Directorate General for External Policies of the Union. EXPO/B/DEVE/FWC/2009/01/Lot5/24 April 2012, available at: http://www.ab.gov.tr/files/ardb/evt/1_avrupa_birligi/1_9_politikalar/1_9_8_dis_politika/The_role_of_BRICS_in_the_developing_world.pdf(4/14/2016)
O’Neill, J. (2001), "Building Better Global Economic BRICs Global”, Goldman Sachs, Economics Paper No: 66 pp 16, available at: http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/archive/archive-pdfs/build-better-brics.pdf (4/14/2016)
OECD (2007): “Insights – Human Capital: How what you know shapes your life”, available at: http://www.oecd.org/insights/38430462.pdf (4/14/ 2016)
OECD (2015), “Research and Development Statistics” available at: http://www.oecd.org/innovation/inno/researchanddevelopmentstatisticsrds.htm (4/14/ 2016)
QS Report 82015), “University Rankings”: BRICS 2015 – Overview, available at: http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings-articles/brics-rankings/qs-university-rankings-brics-2015-overview(4/14/2016)
UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database 2003-2013 available at: http://data.uis.unesco.org/Index.aspx?queryid=171#(4/14/2016)
Utzig, S. M. (2014), “What Is the Mainstream of the BRICS? A Constructivist Analysis." Centro Universitário La Salle – Unilasalle, available at: http://brics.utoronto.ca/biblio/utzig-mainstream.pdf(4/18/2016)
World Economic Forum (2013), “The Global Competitiveness Report (2012-2013)”. Schwab, K. (ed.), pp. 545.Online. Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf(4/14/2016)
Zhou, S., Cerina, F., Chessa, A., Caldarelli, G., Riccaboni M. (2014), “The Rise of China in the International Trade Network: a community core detection approach", PLOS One 9, e105496 (2014), Available at: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0105496 (4/14/2016)
