The Dark Side of Leadership: Does Boldness Predict Successful Interpersonal Behaviors?
Ključne reči:
psychopathy, boldness, emotional intelligence, researchApstrakt
“Successful psychopaths“ display psychopatic personality traits (i.e. lying, manipulating) in businness environments but do not display deviant lifestyles. The Triarchic Psychopathy Model proposed that psychopathy encompasses three phenotypic constructs: boldness, meanness and disinhibition. In line with theoretical assumptions, boldness is adaptive component of psychopathy and can therefore be useful for identifying “successful“ expressions of psychopathy. The aim of this research was to investigate whether boldness added incrementally in predicting emotional intelligence. Data was collected on 495 students (252 male) using the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM, Patrick, 2010), and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS, Wong et al., 2002). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that boldness did add incrementally to meanness and disinhibition in accounting for variance in total WLEIS score (12%), Self-emotional appraisal (5%), Others' emotional appraisal (2%), Use of emotion (14%) and Regulation of emotion (6%). Results of this study indicate that boldness has adaptive potential and represent a helpful factor for successful interpersonal behaviors such as EI.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Reference
Alterman, A. I., McDermott, P. A., Cacciola, J. S., Rutherford, M. J. (2003), “Latent structure of the Davis structure of the Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index in methadone maintenance patients“, Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, Vol. 25, No. 4., pp. 257–265.
Blagov, P. S., Patrick, C. J., Oost, K. M., Goodman, J. A., Pugh, A. T. (2016), “Triarchic psychopathy measure: validity in relation to normal-range traits, Personality pathology, and psychological adjustment“ pathology, and psychological adjustment“, Journal of Personality Disorders, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 71-81.
Cleckley, H. (1941), The mask of sanity: an attempt to reinterpret the so-called psychopathic personality, Mosby, Oxford, UK.
Crego, C., Widiger, T. A. (2014), “Psychopathy, DSM-5, and a caution“, Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 335–347.
Dawel, A., O'Kearney, R., McKone, E., Palermo, R. (2012), “Not just fear and sadness: meta-analytic evidence of pervasive emotion recognition deficits for facial and vocal expressions in psychopathy”, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 36, No. 10, pp. 2288-2304.
Drislane, L. E., Patrick, C. J. (2016), “Integrating alternative conceptions of psychopathic personality: A latent variable model of triarchic psychopathy constructs“, Journal of Personality Disorders, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1–23.
Drislane, L. E., Patrick, C. J., Arsal, G. (2014), “Clarifying the content coverage of differing psychopathy inventories through reference to the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure“, Psychological Assessment, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 350–362.
Ermer, E., Kahn, R. E., Salovey, P., Kiehl, K. A. (2012), “Emotional intelligence in incarcerated men with psychopathic traits”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 103, No.1, pp. 194–204.
Fanti, K. A., Kyranides, M. N., Drislane, L. E., Colins, O. F., Andershed, H. (2016), “Validation of the Greek Cypriot translation of the Triarchic psychopathy measure“, Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 98, No. 2, pp. 146-154.
Gao, Y., Raine, A. (2010), “Successful and unsuccessful psychopaths: A neurobiological model“, Behavioral Sciences & the Law, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 194-210.
Gatner, D. T., Douglas, K. S., Hart, S. D. (2016), “Examining the incremental and interactive effects of boldness with meanness and disinhibition within the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy“, Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 259-268.
Grieve, R., Mahar, D. (2010), “The emotional manipulation-psychopathy nexus: Relationships with emotional intelligence, alexithymia and ethical position”, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 48, No. 8, pp. 945–950.
Gutić, D., Horvat, Đ., Jurčević, M. (2018), Human Resources Management in Theory and Practice, EFFECTUS - College for Law and Finance, Zagreb.
Hall, J. R., Benning, S. D. (2006), “The “successful” psychopath: Adaptive and subclinical manifestations of psychopathy in the general population“, in C. J. Patrick (Ed.), Handbook of psychopathy, New York: Guilford Press, pp. 459-478.
Hare, R. D. (2003), Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL–R, 2nd ed.), Multi-Health Systems, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Hare, R. D., Neumann, C. S. (2008), “Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct”, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 4, pp. 217–246.
Levenson, M. R., Kiehl, K. A., Fitzpatrick, C. M. (1995), “Assessing psychopathic attributes in a noninstitutionalized population“, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 68, No. 1, pp. 151–158.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Patrick, C. J., Benning, S. D., Berg, J., Sellbom, M., Edens, J. F. (2012), “The role of fearless dominance in psychopathy: Confusions, controversies, and clarifications“, Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 327–340.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Smith, S. F., Sauvigné, K. C., Patrick, C. J., Drislane, L. E., Latzman, R. D., Krueger, R. F. (2016), “Is boldness relevant to psychopathic personality? Meta-analytic relations with non-Psychopathy Checklist-based measures of psychopathy”, Psychological Assessment, Vol. 28, No. 10, pp. 1172-1185.
Ljubin-Golub, T., Sokić, K. (2016), “The relationships between triarchic psychopathic traits and value orientations in men and women“, Psihološka istraživanja, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 185-203.
Love, A. B., Holder, M. D. (2014), “Psychopathy and subjective well-being”, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 66, 112-117.
Marsh, A. A., Blair, R. J. R. (2008), “Deficits in facial affect recognition among antisocial populations: a meta-analysis”, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 32, No. 3, 454-465.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R. (2002), Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) User's manual, MHS, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R. (2004), „Emotional intelligence: Theory, findings, and implications“. Psychological Inquiry, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 197-215.
Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. R. (2012), “An examination of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory’s nomological network: A meta-analytic review“, Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 305–326.
Miller, J. D., Watts, A., Jones, S. E. (2011), “Does psychopathy manifest divergent relations with components of its nomological network depending on gender? “, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 564–569.
Patrick, C. J. (2010), "Operationalizing the triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy: Preliminary description of brief scales for assessment of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition”, Unpublished test manual, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
Patrick, C. J., Bernat, E. M. (2009), “Neurobiology of psychopathy: A two-process theory“. in Berntson, G. G., Cacioppo, J. T. (Eds.), Handbook of neuroscience for the behavioral sciences, Vol. 2, John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken, NJ, US, pp. 1110–1131.
Patrick, C. J., Drislane, L. E. (2015), “Triarchic model of psychopathy: Origins, operationalizations, and observed linkages with personality and general psychopathology“, Journal of Personality, Vol. 83, No. 6, pp. 627–643.
Patrick, C. J., Fowles, D. C., Krueger, R. F. (2009), “Triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy: Developmental origins of disinhibition, boldness, and meanness“, Development and Psychopathology, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 913–938.
Poy, R., Segarra, P., Esteller, À., López, R., Moltó, J. (2014), “FFM description of the triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy in men and women“, Psychological Assessment, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 69–76.
Sellbom, M., Phillips, T. R. (2013), “An examination of the triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy in incarcerated and nonincarcerated samples“, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Vol. 122, No. 1, pp. 208–214.
Sica, C., Drislane, L., Caudek, C., Angrilli, A., Bottesi, G., Cerea, S., Ghisi, M. (2015), “A test of the construct validity of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure in an Italian community sample“, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 82, pp. 163–168.
Skeem, J. L., Polaschek, D. L. L., Patrick, C. J., Lilienfeld, S. O. (2011), “Psychopathic personality: Bridging the gap between scientific evidence and public policy”, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, Vol. 12, No 3., pp. 95–162.
Sokić, K. (2017), “Examination of The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy”. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, available at: http://darhiv.ffzg.unizg.hr/9239/1/Soki%C4%87%2C%20Katarina.pdf (18 May 2018)
Stanley, J. H., Wygant, D. B., Sellbom, M. (2013), “Elaborating on the construct validity of the triarchic psychopathy measure in a criminal offender sample“, Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 95, No. 4, pp. 343–350.
Vidal, S, Skeem, J, Camp, J. (2010), “Emotional intelligence: Painting different paths for low-anxious and high-anxious psychopathic variants”, Law & Human Behavior, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 150–163.
Wong, C-S., Law, K. S. (2002), “The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 243-274.