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SOME CHANGES IN THE AGRARIAN STRUCTURE OF CROATIA
Vlado Cvjetićanin
Svetozar Livada
Stipe Šuvar
Sažetak
In the introductory part of this article there are some basic data about the
landownership structure of the agriculture of Croatia. The socially owned land covers
10,73% of the total agricultural land in Croatia. From 1957 to 1962 social
sector of agriculture increased annually for 30.000 ha on an average. The changes in
the priva .e landownership structure tended to the increase of number of the middlesized
group of farms with 3—5 and 5—8 ha. However the group of landowners
with the farm up to 3 ha still dominates. It indicates the small possibilities for
profitable production on such a small farms.
The most important process that produces and enables the changes of agrarian
structure to the direction of socialization of agriculture reveals itself in the degree
of transfer of rural population from agricultural to nonagricultural activities and
in changes of social structure of total and rural population. In the article there is
an analysis of migration of labour power and rural population, employment of
labour power from rural regions, schooling of youth from, villages, equipment of
peasants holdings etc. Taking for the criterion the source of income the population
of Croatia can be divided into three groups: agricultural 33,0%, mixed 29,8%, and nonagricultural population amounts to 37,2%. Analysis of each group of population
leads to the conclusion that the process of above mentioned transfer in Croatia
d jes no? regularly come to an end. Only 33,3% of the total population is not tied
to the land. In comparison to the previous years employment rate decreased. In
order to solve the latent unemployment in agricultural areas it will be necessary
to increase the activity of labour power in cooperative production with the social
sector of agriculture.
About 40% of Croat population migrated in postwar period. The main migration
stream was from village to town. Most of 6500 villages decreased their population,
or were left with the small portion of their natural increase. The characteristic
fact is that a new town dweller regularly keeps part of his previously owned
land. It is to be expected that migration from rural areas to towns will considerably
fall down as the employment rate declines. Possibly it will cause the increase
of interrural migrations.
From 1953. to 1961. active population in agriculture decreased for 139.000;
most of them were men because the number of women remained almost the same.
Nevertheless there is a surplus of labour power at about 40% of the total number
or peasants' households.
This article is a part of a more comprehensive work completed in The Agrarian
Institute in Zagreb, Dpt. for rural sociology. Authors are: Vladimir Cvjetićanin,
Svetozar Livada and Stipe Šuvar.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
120970
URI
Datum izdavanja:
17.7.1963.
Posjeta: 1.287 *