Agronomy journal, Vol. 40 No. 5-6, 1978.
Original scientific paper
THE INFLUENCE OF SEVERAL PRODUCTION FACTORS ON SHOOTS APPEARANCE AND ON GRAIN YIELD IN CORN
Filip Kolčar
; Institut za kukuruz Zemun-Polje, Beograd
Živorad Videnović
; Institut za kukuruz Zemun-Polje, Beograd
Abstract
The investigations were conducted on the Experimental Field of the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje on a chernozem type of soil. As a contribution to this problematics we made an attempt to establish the effect of fertilizers, plant population and current meteorological conditions on tillering. We have also investigated the effects of the quoted factors, as well as the time of removing tillers, on maize yield. In these trials complex (4:11:9) and nitrogen (KAN) fertilizers (N-25%) were applied. The following fertilizer variants were investigated:
(DJ-1) control nonfertilized
(DJ-2) 240 kg/ha N - 90, P₂O₅ - 80, K₂O - 70 kg/ha
(DJ-3) 360 kg/ha N - 135, P₂O₅ - 120, K₂O - 105 kg/ha
(DJ-4) 240 kg/ha (the same as DJ-2) + 20t manure/ha
The investigated plant populations were the following:
(G-1) 30,486 plants/ha - 80x82+2 plants/hill
(G-2) 35,210 plants/ha - 80x71+2 plants/hill
(G-3) 40,322 plants/ha - 80x62+2 plants/hill
(G-4) 50,000 plants/ha - 80x50+2 plants/hill
The removing of tillers was carried out during the following stages of development of the maize plant:
(V-1) during the 6-7 leaf stage
(V-2) during the 9-11 leaf stage
(V-3) during taseling
(V-4) control (tillers were not removed)
Based on our investigations, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. A higher or lower percentage of tillering was affected by current meteoroogical conditions. 2. In comparison to the nonfertilized variant, mineral fertilizers, but even more so mineral fertilizers + stable manure caused a higher parcentage of tillering. 3. The percentage of tillering incressed with increased with increasing plant population. 4. The time of removing tillers affected yields significantly in the year (1967) in which there had a shortage in rainfall during the second half of the maize vegetation period. 5. A three-year average showed that yields were higher by 5,56% provided the tillers were removed during the 6-7 leaf stage, as compared to yields of plants in which tillers were not removed. 6. The removing of tillers in the later stages of development to the plants, was found not to be justified as it had no effect on yields. 7. As for the monfertilized variant on the rich chernozem type of soil, the zield was almost the same as when the tillers were removed in the variant of fertilizing unremoved tillers. 8. At higher plant populations where the percentage of tillens is low, it is not necessary to remove tillers as these do not cause a decrease in yield.
Keywords
Hrčak ID:
165724
URI
Publication date:
22.1.1979.
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