Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.53745/ccp.48.94.4
A New Look at the Celebrated Glagolitic Primer: Pavao Križanić and the Addendum on the Croat Church and its Traditions in the Glossed Psalter of Georges d’Esclavonie
Luka Špoljarić
orcid.org/0000-0003-1003-3271
; Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
In the last forty years the name of Georges d’Esclavonie (Georgius de Sclavonia, ca. 1360-1416) has become well established in Croatian historiography. This Parisian studentturned-professor, originating from Rann/Brežice, in the Slovenian lands, copied during his long stay in Paris (ca. 1380-1404) various manuscripts both on commission and for his private collection. In Croatia, however, he is widely recognized for his glossed Psalter, which at the very end includes the Glagolitic alphabet and prayers used by Croatian Glagolite priests, with additional comments in Latin describing the Croat Church (Bibliothèque municipale de Tours, MS 95, fol. 75v-77r; see Figures 1-4). Scholars, starting with Milko Kos a century ago, have noted the presence of another hand in the manuscript, that of Pavao Križanić from Krbava, the region in the heartland of the Croatian Kingdom, but have presented Križanić as Georges’s student. While Pavao Križanić was thus completely sidelined, in Croatian historiography Georges d’Esclavonie has become the »famous professor«, »our George of Slavonia«, with scholars tying him to the Croatian region of Slavonia instead of Slovenia. This paper accepts the results of Kos’s palaeographical analysis, but rejects the rest of this interpretation. It shows that we have to look at these texts as a well rounded unit within the manuscript, which is named in this paper the Addendum on the Croat Church and Its Traditions. The paper argues, largely on the basis of new documentary evidence shedding light on the person of Pavao Križanić (fl. 1384-1397), that the Addendum was made probably around 1384-1385, when Križanić, a dijak (meaning a deacon, or, less likely, a scribe) of Croatian noble origins and a familiaris of the powerful Croatian lord, Juraj Kurjaković count of Krbava, arrived in Paris in the retinue of the Hungarian royal embassy. While the texts of the Addendum were largely copied by Georges d’Esclavonie, who was still a student at the time, the texts and the information used for the descriptions were provided by Križanić and reflect his worldview. The paper thus highlights the local-patriotic Krbava-centric description of the Croat Church in the Addendum, and identifies it as one of the first testaments of the nationalization of the Croat intellectuals, placing it in the context of rising nationalism in the Latin Church at the time of the Western Schism. Finally, the paper returns to Georges d’Esclavonie, highlighting his status as a student in a multicultural setting fraught with nationalist rivalries, and one of several Catholic Slavs around Europe, who in the last decades of the fourteenth century, in the same context of rising nationalism, came to appreciate the Croat Glagolite tradition as a powerful ideological tool in asserting their Slavic identity.
Ključne riječi
Pavao Križanić; Georges d’Esclavonie; Glagolitic; late medieval nationalist discourse; Bishopric of Krbava
Hrčak ID:
324709
URI
Datum izdavanja:
27.12.2024.
Posjeta: 80 *