Izvorni znanstveni članak
Real Subsumption of Intelligence and the End of the Culture Industry
Primož Krašovec
; Univerza v Ljubljani
Sažetak
In Marx’s theory, real subsumption is a process whereby capital takes over an existing social process and transforms it internally by means of technology. The aim of the paper is to extend the concept of real subsumption to the domain of intelligence and radicalise it in a sense that capital not only takes over and transforms social processes but eventually discards them and replaces them with technologies. In terms of intelligence in the 21st century and with the rise of deep learning (DL) artificial intelligence (AI), human intelligence is being displaced by a machine intelligence immanent to capital. Subsequently, 20th century computer technologies and early AI can be called formal subsumption of intelligence, since they represent a transfer of human intelligence to machines, whereby the form of intelligence remains unchanged, only its medium changes. DL AI in the 21st century, however, represents a real subsumption of intelligence, as intelligent machines are no longer replicas of human intelligence, but are developing their own autonomous form of intelligence. Autonomous machine intelligence at the same time signals the end of culture as a culture industry. If both avant-garde art and critical theory aimed to critique diminished human experience in the face of 20th century media technologies, such critiques are no longer valid in the face of new technologies. The paper concludes with an analysis of an example of a literary work that both involves and reflects on the process of real subsumption of intelligence: DeLillo’s Cosmopolis, which is valuable precisely inasmuch as it does not offer a simplistic and predictable critique of capital(ism), but rather important insights into the ambivalence of its process(es).
Ključne riječi
real subsumption; capital; intelligence; culture; deep learning; artificial intelligence
Hrčak ID:
330836
URI
Datum izdavanja:
13.5.2025.
Posjeta: 71 *