Medicus, Vol. 34. No. 1. KRM zdravlje, 2025.
Review article
“Natural” or Scientifically Proven Treatment of Hyperlipidemia
Jadranka Karuza
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is one of the main risk factors for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and requires timely and effective treatment. Although scientifically proven therapies—such as statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, and fibrates—are key to lowering blood lipid levels, there is growing interest in so-called “natural” treatment methods. The aim of this review paper is to present the most commonly used dietary supplements and nutraceuticals and evaluate their effectiveness in the treatment of hyperlipidemia in patients. A review of the available literature indicates that many patients perceive “natural” methods as safer and associated with fewer side effects. These natural approaches are often used either independently or in combination with prescribed therapy, which can lead to reduced adherence to standard medications. Key factors influencing treatment choice include the level of education, trust in medical authorities, personal experiences, and the availability of information on the internet. The 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines for the management of hyperlipidemia include recommendations for the use of red yeast rice, omega-3 fatty acids, and phytosterols. However, these should not be seen as substitutes for medications, particularly in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk.
Lifestyle modification, especially a Mediterranean dietary pattern, should be strongly encouraged as a valuable adjunct and support in the treatment of these patients. In conclusion, while scientifically validated therapies remain the cornerstone of hyperlipidemia treatment, the growing popularity of natural approaches highlights the need for improved communication between patients and healthcare professionals, as well as systematic education regarding the efficacy and safety of available options.
Keywords
hyperlipidemia, LDL, dietary supplements, nutraceuticals
Hrčak ID:
338519
URI
Publication date:
27.10.2025.
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