Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2025-0017
ACUTE TOXICITY IMPACT OF INDOXACARB ON GILL NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND BRAIN OF STINGING CATFISH Heteropneustes fossilis
Ajeet Kr. Mishra
Anita Gopesh
K.P. Singh
; Neurobiology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
Abstract
The recent study aimed to evaluate the impact of acute toxicity of indoxacarb (IDC) on pseudobranchial neurosecretory cells (PNSCs), biochemical assays and histopathological changes in the brain, and accompanying behavioral abnormalities in the air-breathing stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. The 96-hour LC50 of IDC was ascertained at a dose of 0.075 mg/L. Live catfishes were exposed to LC50 dose of IDC for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs, and the respective parameters were studied at predetermined intervals. After 96 hrs of exposure to IDC, histopathology of PNSCs demonstrates degenerative changes, reduced neurosecretory material, significantly decreased number of PNSCs along with nucleo-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, as compared to the control group. The exposed fishes displayed detachment of stratum marginale (SM) and stratum opticum (SO), mild necrosis in stratum periventricular (SPV), and compact neuroarchitecture of stratum fibrosum et grisium superficiale (SFGS), stratum griseum centrale (SGC) and stratum album centrale (SAC), whereas degeneration of mononuclear cells and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum was observed. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly decreased, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased, as compared to the control group. The total distance traveled, swimming speed, mobility time, absolute turn angle, head: distance traveled, and maximum speed were significantly decreased, whereas immobility time, maximum inactive episode, and time freezing were significantly increased in comparison with the control group. This study concludes that acute toxic concentrations of IDC may cause physiological dysregulation, biochemical changes in brain tissues and mild necrotic changes in PNSCs and neuronal cells in fish, resulting in substantially associated behavioral disturbances.
Keywords
Hrčak ID:
340303
URI
Publication date:
3.12.2025.
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