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Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, Vol. 13 No. 4, 2025.

Izvorni znanstveni članak

https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.d13.0623

Roof-Harvested Rainwater Quality Analysis and Freeze Treatment Using Progressive Freeze Concentration

Chee Yang How ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Mazura Jusoh ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Zaki Yamani Zakaria ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Mohamad Sukri Mohamad Yusof ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Imran Ullah Khan ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Aishah Rosli ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Shuhada Atika Idrus Saidi ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Zurina Mohamad ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Aziatul Niza Sadikin ; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Puni tekst: engleski pdf 3.008 Kb

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preuzimanja: 51

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Sažetak

Rainwater can be a safe and sustainable source of drinking water. Progressive freeze concentration has been identified to be a suitable freeze treatment process to treat rainwater into drinking water. In this work, the harvested rainwater quality was evaluated based on atmospheric conditions and the subsequent purification process was carried out and reported on the respective supercooling phenomena and effect of operating parameters.  Statistical analysis found the total dissolved solids of rainwater to negatively correlate with rainfall amount (r = −0.32) and the range was found to be workable for our progressive freeze concentration system. The supercooling effect in the falling film freeze treatment system was found to be non-existent, showing rainwater can be purified to a relatively high purity without excessive precaution to prevent contamination caused by supercooling. Experimental results and statistical analysis showed higher circulation time (26 min) and lower rainwater total dissolved solids (6 ppm) improved the purification efficiency of rainwater by giving higher concentration factor (3.4). A simple energy consumption analysis also signifies this system to consume a significantly lower energy compared to distillation. This work can serve as a preliminary study for future research to explore freeze treatment as a viable process to produce drinking water from rainwater.

Ključne riječi

Water purification; Roof-harvested rainwater; Progressive freeze concentration; Drinking water; Supercooling

Hrčak ID:

342255

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/342255

Datum izdavanja:

18.5.2026.

Posjeta: 305 *