Review article
https://doi.org/10.31217/p.40.1.8
Eye Tracking in Maritime Research: A Systematic Review
Khairul Izzati bin Kamarumtham
orcid.org/0009-0009-9085-2496
; Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Etchujima, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
*
Thuta Kyaw Win
orcid.org/0000-0001-5460-6508
; Oriental Consultants Global, Port and Harbor Department, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Tatsuro Ishida
; Kobe University, Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
Koji Murai
; Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Maritime Systems Engineering, Etchujima, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
Eye-tracking technologies have evolved considerably since their inception, enabling increasingly sophisticated analyses of human visual behavior. These technologies have subsequently been applied to examine the gaze behaviors of maritime professionals. As of 2020, approximately 15 English language research articles focused on eye-tracking applications in maritime contexts; since then,the number has more than doubled, reflecting growing interest in the field. This review examines 37 studies that met predefined eligibility criteria, encompassing a wide range of research themes and diverse eye-tracking metrics. It synthesizes the potential benefits and limitations of eye-tracking in maritime settings, identifies methodological and practical challenges, and highlights notable research gaps. The findings have implications for researchers, informing study design and metric selection; for maritime educators, enhancing training and assessment methods; and for designers of nautical charts, navigational equipment interfaces, and bridge layouts, supporting the development of more effective and user-friendly designs.
Keywords
eye movement; gaze movement; maritime; shipping; seafarer
Hrčak ID:
343251
URI
Publication date:
15.1.2026.
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