Pregledni rad
Lung Cancer – The Most Common Malignant Disease in Men
Vide Popović
Sažetak
Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer in men, and of all cancers, the most common cause of death. It is associated with active or former smokers in about 90% of cases. One of the reasons for such distressing data regarding lung cancer is that it is generally identified in the stage of disseminated disease and in patients with impaired overall health, habitually resistant to different modes of oncological treatment. In accordance with pathohistological type, lung cancer is divided into non-small cell lung cancer (NSLC), which constitutes roughly 85% of all cases, the most common subtypes being adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), comprising about 15% of all lung cancer cases with far worse prognosis. Regarding diagnosis, in addition to the importance of histopathological marking of the type/subtype of cancer, it is also vital to extract a sufficient amount of tumor tissue to ascertain all molecular predictive biomarkers and define options for oncological treatment (today’s standard is to routinely determine the PD-L1, EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET and MET status in adenocarcinoma and PD-L1 status in squamous cell carcinoma). Lung cancer has long been treated with chemotherapy, i.e. cytostatics and radiotherapy, and is unfortunately rarely diagnosed at an operable stage apt for surgery. Fifteen years ago, the treatment standard for a small group of patients with NSCLC, primarily adenocarcinoma and an underlying genetic cancer mutation, alteration or fusion (originally EGFR, then ALK, ROS1, KRAS, MET) has become the targeted therapy. As of ten years ago, immunotherapy has become the treatment standard, both in the form of monotherapy or combination of chemotherapy, for metastatic or locally advanced NSCLC after chemoradiotherapy. And most recently, immunotherapy has become, along with chemotherapy, first-line treatment for metastatic SCLC, and is slowly becoming the treatment standard for locally advanced SCLC after previous chemoradiotherapy.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
345176
URI
Datum izdavanja:
26.2.2026.
Posjeta: 473 *