Pregledni rad
https://doi.org/10.24141/2/10/1/12
Efficacy of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Preventing Hypoxemia During Sedated Endoscopic Procedures: A Literature Review
Valentina Ješić
orcid.org/0000-0001-7947-5233
; Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Zagreb, Croatia
*
Jadranka Pavić
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
Marinko Vučić
; Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Zagreb, Croatia
Tihana Magdić Turković
; Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Zagreb, Croatia
Martina Smrekar
; University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
* Dopisni autor.
Sažetak
Introduction. Hypoxemia is a common and potentially
serious complication during endoscopic procedures performed under sedation, particularly in patients
with obesity, chronic respiratory disease, or
reduced pulmonary reserve. The high flow nasal cannula
(HFNC) delivers heated and humidified oxygen
at high flow rates with a stable fraction of inspired
oxygen (FiO2), thereby reducing desaturation and
improving oxygenation compared with conventional
oxygen delivery methods.
Aim. This review evaluated the efficacy of HFNC in
preventing hypoxemia during gastrointestinal endoscopy,
bronchoscopy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP) under sedation, focusing
on clinical applicability and patient safety.
Methods. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of
Science, and Scopus (2015–2025) identified English
language studies, including randomized trials, comparative
and observational studies, and reviews. Predefined
inclusion criteria were applied, and outcomes
included the incidence of hypoxemia, minimum SpO2,
and the need for airway interventions.
Results. Of 628 records screened, 30 studies met the
inclusion criteria (13 randomized trials, 3 prospective
comparative, 1 observational, 3 retrospective, and 10
systematic reviews or meta-analyses). Most confirmed
that HFNC reduces hypoxemia, increases minimum
SpO2, and improves ventilation stability compared
with conventional oxygen therapy. The greatest benefits
were observed among high-risk patients such as
elderly, obese, and those with respiratory disease. Optimal
flow rates ranged from 50 to 60 L/min, ensuring
efficacy, comfort, and safety.
Conclusion. HFNC provides effective oxygenation
support during sedated endoscopic procedures,
reducing desaturation and the need for airway interventions.
Standardized protocols and further research
on long term outcomes are recommended.
Ključne riječi
high-flow nasal cannula; hypoxemia; endoscopic procedures; sedation
Hrčak ID:
345901
URI
Datum izdavanja:
27.3.2026.
Posjeta: 239 *