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Engineering Power : Bulletin of the Croatian Academy of Engineering, Vol. 20 No. 4, 2025.

Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.65776/ep.20.4.1

A numerical study on the nominal wake of the Japan Bulk Carrier

Nastia Degiuli orcid id orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-7081 ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
Carlo Giorgio Grlj orcid id orcid.org/0000-0001-5939-0275 ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
Ivana Martić ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia

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Abstract

A key element in propeller design is the accurate determination of the nominal wake. Therefore, in the present study the nominal wake of the Japan Bulk Carrier is determined numerically at model scale, and the numerical results are validated with the available experimental data. The numerical approach is based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations closed with the Shear Stress Transport k-ω (SSTKO) turbulence model. The governing equations are discretized using the Finite Volume Method (FVM) to obtain an algebraic system of equations. The nominal wake is evaluated through numerical simulations that account for the free surface effects. A verification study is performed to quantify the numerical uncertainty associated with the mesh resolution and time step using the Grid Convergence Index (GCI) method. The validation study consists of a comparison between the numerically obtained velocity components and the corresponding experimental measurements. The contour plots of the dimensionless velocity components indicate that the numerically predicted axial velocity is higher than the experimental values, whereas the tangential and radial components show good agreement with the experimental data. The circumferentially averaged dimensionless axial velocity predicted numerically show good agreement between 0.4R to 0.8R, while at radii from 0.8R to 1R, the numerical results overpredict the axial velocity. Finally, the integral values of the nominal wake are calculated, where the relative deviation between the numerical and experimental results is equal to -2.72 %.

Keywords

CFD, EFD, nominal wake, Japan Bulk Carrier, resistance test

Hrčak ID:

348283

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/348283

Publication date:

26.6.2026.

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