Review article

Environmental Stress Response and Adaptation Mechanisms in Rhizobia

Sanja Kajić orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-5131 ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Microbiology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Nataša Hulak ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Microbiology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Sanja Sikora ; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Microbiology, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

Abstract

Rhizobia are bacteria that can fixate atmospheric nitrogen in association within the root or the stem nodules of legume plants and transform atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Soil environmental conditions are critical factors for the persistence and survival of rhizobia in the soil. The changes in the rhizosphere environment can affect both growth and saprophytic competence, which will influence competitiveness and persistence. Environmental stress imposes a major threat to symbiotic nitrogen fixation and agriculture that can be limited by soil and climatic factors such as salinity, drought, temperature, acidity/alkalinity and heavy metals. In this review we present several different mechanisms in rhizobia adaptation under stress factors.

Keywords

Rhizobium; environmental stress; adaptation mechanism; nitrogen fixation

Hrčak ID:

168427

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/168427

Publication date:

9.11.2016.

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