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Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2021.60.s1.17

Renal Adverse Effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

Klara Smolić ; Department of Urology, University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
Dean Markić orcid id orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-0850 ; Department of Urology, University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia


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Abstract

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is not a novel therapeutic method in the
treatment of urolithiasis. It uses shock waves (SW) created in the generator outside of the body that
are then focused and directed on the calculus in the patient’s body. It is the method of choice for the
treatment of kidney stones smaller than 20 mm, and those in the proximal part of the ureter (up to 10
mm). Complications are relatively rare and most often clinically insignificant. SW can reversibly
damage
all parts of the renal parenchyma. The degree of damage depends on the number of SW and
the energy level delivered to a particular tissue. Such changes are most often asymptomatic. Microhaematuria
is present in virtually all patients, and macrohaematuria occurs in about 1/3 of patients. A rare
but serious complication is a kidney rupture that requires surgical care that can sometimes lead to a
nephrectomy. The occurrence of perinephric or subcapsular hematoma is rare and usually requires only
conservative therapy. Despite the aforementioned negative impact of SW on the renal parenchyma
(primarily around the calculus), studies have not shown that treatment with this method leads to
significant renal function impairment in either the adult or paediatric population.

Keywords

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy; Nephrolithiasis; Renal injury; Renal function

Hrčak ID:

260413

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/260413

Publication date:

1.1.2021.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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