Original scientific paper
The influence of the kinematic variables of approach and take-off on long jump performance
Ljubomir Antekolović
; Sveučilište u Zagrebu Kineziološki fakultet
Abstract
The study was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of the kinematic parameters of approach and take-off on the long jump performance as well as the influence of new variables on the length of the long jump. The long jumpers (n=14) were on average 27.28 ± 3.95 years old, performed a total of 114 long jumps at two international competitions, and 61 successful attempts were analyzed in the study. According to the standards of the APAS (Ariel Performance Analysis System) procedure, a 3D kinematic analysis was performed and 16 kinematic variables were prepared for further analysis. The regression analysis of the influence of the kinematic variables on the effective length of the long jump revealed 6 statistically significant variables explaining 73% of the variance in the results. These are: take-off vertical velocity (Vy), the horizontal velocity in the penultimate step (Vx2) take-off horizontal velocity (Vx), the height of the body’s center of gravity (CG) at the end of the take-off, percentage of lowering of the centre of gravity in penultimate step (H%3-2) and the distance from the knee projection and foot (Dks). The findings confirmed that the variables determined by motor abilities of jumpers and the variables that determine technical jump performance have a strong influence on long jump performance (jump length). Approach velocity and take of horizontal velocity are mainly determined by motor skills. The technical part of the preparation for take-off is determined by the higher position of the CG in the penultimate step and the smaller distance of the projection of the knee of the swinging leg and the take-off foot at the beginning of the take-off. The results partly confirm earlier findings and scientific knowledge about the discipline of long jump, and new variables provide a more detailed contribution to the understanding of long jump execution.
Keywords
3D kinematics, body position in preparation for take-off, take-off efficiency
Hrčak ID:
318402
URI
Publication date:
15.5.2024.
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