Review article
Self- Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery: Review of Therapeutic Approaches
Slađana Štrkalj Ivezić
Abstract
This paper presents the development and effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing self-stigma among individuals with mental disorders. Stigma and internalized stigma are identified as major barriers to recovery, social inclusion, and quality of life, and are associated with a range of negative outcomes, including reduced self-esteem, poorer treatment adherence, and impaired psychosocial functioning. Traditional anti-stigma programs, primarily focused on changing public attitudes, have shown limited and short-term effects, particularly regarding self-stigma. The paper highlights a shift toward developing specific, multicomponent interventions that integrate psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioural techniques, narrative approaches, and elements of empowerment. Programs such as Narrative Enhancement and Cognitive Therapy (NECT), Honest, Open, Proud (HOP), and peer-led interventions are emphasized as effective approaches for reducing self-stigma and improving recovery outcomes. Additionally, a Croatian “four-session” program is presented as a brief, flexible intervention suitable for routine clinical practice. In conclusion, the paper underscores the need to integrate self-stigma interventions into contemporary recovery-oriented models of mental health care, focusing on multicomponent approaches, the involvement of peer specialists, and systemic changes at societal and institutional levels.
Keywords
stigma, self-stigma, rehabilitation, recovery, quality of life
Hrčak ID:
349489
URI
Publication date:
10.7.2026.
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