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DOBRONJA – OFFICIAL OF THE CITY OF ZADAR OR CROATIAN KING
Lujo MARGETIĆ
Sažetak
In a fruitful discussion with Z. Nikolić author delivers following statements:
1. Cheucamen’s Dobronja was brother of Krešimir III, and Croatian king who ruled
between 1031 and 1034/5;
2. Extent sources (charters) from the period of Trpimir’s dynasty do not contain any information about transition from cognate to agnate kinship;
3. Term Proconsul Dalmatiarum, which can be found in the charters in the period between 986 and 1033, represents highly positioned Byzantine offi cial who had power over, so called, Byzantine Dalmatia.
4. »Ban S.«, who is mentioned in forged charter from 1042/44 (Codex Diplomaticus, vol. I, 75 no. 56), probably is imaginary personality. This charter was produced as an exercise in the St. Grisogonus monastery scriptorium.
5. Some of Dalmatian early medieval cities (Zadar, Split) had two majors (prior). One of them was a »chief« and other one was a »deputy«. In some signifi cant occasion they acted together.
6. Z. Nikolić rightly criticized statements of the author, which were presented in his article from 1980, saying that aforementioned Dobronja (§ 1) should be identifi ed with the person who is in a charter of king Krešimir IV mentioned as Dabar.
7. »Servi« were not servants but in some way dependent persons.
8. First ecclesiastical council in Split (925) acknowledged husbands’ right to send away wife but only if she had been unfaithful.
9. Women in Dalmatian medieval cities, according to the contemporary law, could approach civil court only if accompanied by male person, so called adiutor.
10. Veka, respectable female person from Zadar’s family Madijevci, ordained after her husband had died. After 20 years she brought to court her juvenile brother in law be cause of heredity questions. She demanded privilege to benefi t from the possessions that used to be owned by her late husband. Later Veka became nun and even reverent mother of St. Mary monastery.
11. City bishop was only a highly appreciated person, but did not hold any offi cial city service.
12. Bishop and prior of Biograd in some charters are mentioned in a manner that can be concluded that Biograd simultaneously had two bishops and priors. However, these charters are forged and therefore should not be taken into account.
13. Gaudencije bishop of Osor was an intimate of Petar Damiani. In his time Osor was a part of Croatia, where Byzantine infl uence started to grow.
14. Regnum Croatiae et Dalmatiae existed for about 30 years and lasted until the death of Croatian king Stephen II. In 1092 Croatia was separated from Dalmatia during the raid of Hungarian king Ladislau. His nephew Almo became king of Croatia and in this period city of Zadar was out of his reach, until 1102 when Colomanus became king of Croatia.
15. Author also analyses question of expression regnum Croatiae et Dalmatia, i.e. why in the Croatian royal charters Croatia always comes on the fi rst place, while in the documents of Venetian dodge and Hungarian kings Dalmatia was put before Croatia.
16. Expression Signum manus in documents in which signatories, represented by a had of family, accord in the name of their closest relatives, i.e. Drago prior et eius fi lii, refl ects existence of undivided family property.
17. King Zvonimir, accepting patronage of Pope Gregory VII in 1075, promised that he will intercede in behalf of legitimate dowry (legitima dos). This act was correctly interpreted in works of Janeković Römer and Nikolić, as one of the basis for a legitimate marriage. Moreover, author proves that Lombardian codex Liber Papiensis was obligatory in Croatia, and therefore king’s attitude towards dowry was in accordance with Roman canon law.
Ključne riječi
Croatian history; Middle Ages; Zadar (Zara); Croatian kings; Byzantium; Dobronja
Hrčak ID:
9013
URI
Datum izdavanja:
15.12.2006.
Posjeta: 3.679 *