Pregledni rad

Breeding field crops and vegetables in Croatia

Vinko Kozumplik
Zdravko Martinić-Jerčić

Sažetak

The first field crop variety developed from a two variety cross was the maize variety Stražimirovac. Its author was Dragutin Stražimir, a priest in Donja Zelina. The variety became very popular among the maize producers around the middle of XIXth century. However, the beginning of scientifically based plant breeding was at the Royal High School for Agriculture and Forestry in Križavci during the first decade of XXth century. The first Croatian breeder scientist was Bohutinsky. He was best known by his wheat variety Sirban Prolifik. Bohutinsky worked on developing maize inbred lines and hybrids too, together with Mandekić. On the same topic worked Tavčar and Kvakan at the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry in Zagreb, before the IInd World War. After Mandekić, the breeding program in Križevci was continued by Korić. He came to Križevce in 1922 and went to work in Osijek in 1931. His great success was the wheat variety U1, although he warked on several crop species. At the beginning of this century, breeding work was successfully done on large private farms in Eastern Croatia as well, i.e. on the farm of count Pejačević in Ruma, on the farm of count Eltz in Vukovar etc.
After the II nd World war breeding work on field crop species was carried out mostly in the Institute for Plant Breeding and Production (Bc Institute) in Zagreb, and in the Agricultural Institute in Osijek. Tobacco breeding was done in the Tobacco institute Zagreb, sugar beet breeding in the Institute for Breeding Sugar Beet in Osijek and vegetable breeding in the Institute for Vegetable Breeding in Botinec. Also plant breeding was done at the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb, at the Agricultural High School in Križevci and at the Potato Breeding Station in Stara Sušica. More recently several private plant breeding firms have been established. Until 1999, 730 domestic varieties have been released from the Croatian plant breeding programs, mostly of the field crops. The most known names among the breeders after the IInd World war were Potočanac, author of first Croatian semidwarf high yielding wheats, and Palaveršić, author of first Croatian maize inbred hybrids. Domestic varieties of many field crop species were the only ones, that Croatian farmers preferred to grow.

Ključne riječi

plant breeding; variety field crops; vegetable crops

Hrčak ID:

12522

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/12522

Datum izdavanja:

14.6.2000.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 2.923 *