Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.33128/k.64.2.3
Traditional use of cultivated plants and feed in Žumberak-Samoborsko gorje Nature Park area
Ivana Vitasović-Kosić
orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-5892
; Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Lana Petković
; studentica Agronomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Abstract
Cultivated plants, among them traditional, old varieties, are an important resource for preserving genetic biodiversity, mitigating the negative effects of climate change, and consequently increasing the sustainability of agriculture in a given area. A prerequisite for their successful use for the above purposes is a good knowledge of the current situation. Due to the lack of information on agricultural activity in the area of the legally protected Žumberak - Samoborsko gorje Nature Park, an ethnobotanical survey of plant taxa and their traditional varieties was conducted. The main objectives of this research were to document the local ecological knowledge, increase interest in traditional varieties, and to increase ecological awareness among the inhabitants of protected areas. In the survey participated 30 respondents from 17 settlements in the town of Samobor. The use of 85 taxa of cultivated cereal, vegetable, and fruit varieties, 31 wild plants and 4 fungi was documented. The cultivated plants are grown in fenced gardens, orchards and vineyards, the most common (>50%) taxa are: Vitis vinifera, Malus domestica, Prunus domestica, Zea mays, Solanum lycopersicum, Pyrus communis, Daucus carota, Allium cepa, Lactuca sativa, and Phaseolus vulgaris. Among wild plants, the most commonly used are Urtica dioica and Rosa canina. 18 grape varieties were recorded, 3 of which are traditional: ‘Šipelj’, ‘Izabela’ and ‘Žametovka’. The three old apple varieties are ‘Kanada’, ‘Božićnica’ and ‘Petrovka’. One old variety of plum (‘Bistrica’), pear (‘Tepka’) and bean (‘Kifl’) are known. This research has recorded the edible use of Ranunculus ficaria and the decorative use of the rare Illyrian species Polygala chamaebuxus. The use of Fagopyrum esculentum is almost forgotten. Cannabis sativa, Nicotiana tabacum, Carum carvi are no longer planted. The “new fashion” is the cultivation of Ipomoea batatas and Lavandula angustifolia. Damage by wild game, especially wild boar, has been recorded, which exceeds the level of justification on corn and potato crops. Increasingly frequent late frosts, which are a consequence of the negative impact of climate change, cause great losses in fruit and wine production. The results of this work could contribute to the education of the population and the reintroduction of forgotten uses of cultivated and wild plants and mushrooms in human and animal nutrition, the preservation of traditions and folk customs, as well as the prevention of the preservation of human and animal health.
Keywords
biocultural heritage; ethnobotany; preservation of biodiversity; sustainable agriculture; traditional varieties
Hrčak ID:
294625
URI
Publication date:
28.2.2023.
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