Introduction: Psychological functioning is an important factor in the recovery of cardiac patients. Previous findings indicate that stress, anxiety, and depression can negatively affect rehabilitation outcomes (1), while perceived self-efficacy (2) and life satisfaction (3) support better adaptation. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between emotional distress, self-efficacy, demographic characteristics, and life satisfaction in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation.
Patients and Methods: The study included 118 participants (M = 63.39, SD = 10.16). Of these, 68% were men, 30% women, and 2% did not identify their gender. Standardized questionnaires were applied to assess depression, anxiety, stress, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction. Data were analysed with correlation and regression analyses, as well as non-parametric tests for group differences.
Results: Older age was positive predictor of stress (b = 0.013, p < .01), depression (b = 0.01, p < .05), and anxiety (b = 0.011, p < .01). Women reported significantly higher emotional distress compared to men (U = 46, p < .05). Self-efficacy correlated negatively with anxiety (r = –.24, p < .01) and stress (r = –.23, p < .05). Life satisfaction was positively related to self-efficacy (r = .35, p < .001) and negatively with depression (r = –.26, p < .01), anxiety (r = –.23, p < .05), and stress (r = –.29, p < .01). Patients with higher education levels reported greater self-efficacy and better evaluations of life conditions and achievements than those with lower education.
Conclusion: Results emphasize the role of psychological factors and education in cardiac rehabilitation. Interventions aimed at reducing emotional distress and enhancing self-efficacy could improve life satisfaction and support better rehabilitation outcomes.