Filologija, No. 84, 2025.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.21857/m16wjclo39
Restandardization of the Croatian language by Karadžić's followers in relation to Croatian literary and linguistic heritage and Croatian dialects
Nataša Bašić
Sažetak
The approach of the followers of Karadžić to the standard Croatian language is clearly analyzed in key points over a period of two centuries, from the first generation of Karadžić’s followers of the Illyrian period to the second half of the 20th century, and is monitored at two levels – linguistic and sociolinguistic. The studied interventions at the linguistic and orthographic level at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries are interpreted as a re-standardization of the Croatian language and orthography. The instruments of language policies through which the interventions were implemented are investigated.
The approach of Karadžić’s followers had a negative impact on the formation of an independent standard Croatian language and orthography in many ways. It slowed down the process of autonomous development of the Croatian language, diverted its natural developmental course and impoverished its expressive possibilities on the levels of morphology, word formation, vocabulary and orthography, while simultaneously creating a gap between the promoted canonical Neo-Štokavian standard basis and the Croatian norm in use, in the formation of which all three Croatian literary dialects actively contributed.
Karadžić’s followers stood in opposition to the Zagreb philological school and the standardization principles it promoted, which in the 1860s had consolidated in the Croatian cultural milieu all over the country, building a modern Croatian standard language with elastically stable grammatical and orthographic norms based on centuries-old Croatian linguistic and orthographic heritage. Its main features, according to Ham (1998), were the Štokavian Jekavian dialectal stylization with the monosyllabic diphthong /e/ in place of the old ‘jat’ in long syllables, which was recorded as the digraph ie, and with the phonemic sequence /je/ in short syllables, then in the morphology of nouns with the older distinctive case endings of the plural noun and adjective-pronominal declension, the distinction between the dative ending (-omu/-emu) and the locative ending (-om/-em) in the singular adjective-pronominal declension, the post-vocalic form ‘ju’ of the pronoun ‘ona’ in the accusative sg., the use of the preposition prema/prama with the dative, the declension of the verbal participles in -ći and -vši, and in the script a moderate morphophonological orthography, which, in accordance with the linguistic terminology of the time, is called etymological or ‘root-based’.
Ključne riječi
Hrčak ID:
339773
URI
Datum izdavanja:
24.11.2025.
Posjeta: 584 *