NEMIRNE VODE
HRVATSKA MORSKA OBALA KAO RES EXTRA COMMERCIUM IN COMMERCIO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25234/pv/25248Ključne riječi:
opće dobro, koncesija, pomorsko dobro, res extra commercium, morska obalaSažetak
Rad je usmjeren na analizu iznimne pravne naravi hrvatske morske obale kao općeg dobra te posljedičnih izazova njezine komercijalne uporabe. Od antičkog rimskog prava morska je obala smatrana stvarju u općoj uporabi svih ljudi prema načelima prirodnog prava (res com- munes omnium). Rimski pravnik Marcijan u navedenu je kategoriju ubrojio zrak, tekuću vodu, more te morsku obalu. Danas, sukladno doktrini rimskog prava, morska je obala definirana kao pomorsko dobro, odnosno opće dobro od interesa za Republiku Hrvatsku te uživa njezinu posebnu zaštitu. Iako pomorsko dobro ne može biti predmetom vlasništva ili drugih stvarnih prava, zbog postojanja brojnih pravnih iznimaka, njezina narav kao općeg dobra – dvojbena je. Kroz raščlambu pozitivno-pravnog statusa morske obale, posebice regulirane Zakonom o vlasništvu i drugim stvarnim pravima, Zakonom o pomorskom dobru i morskim lukama te Za- konom o koncesijama, ovaj će rad ukazati kako hrvatski pravni sustav omogućava ekskluzivna prava na ekonomsko iskorištavanje pomorskog dobra, odnosno njegovo isključenje iz opće uporabe na razdoblje do 99 godina te pruža mogućnost zalaganja ili prijenosa koncesije na po- morskom dobru na pravnog sljednika. Slijedom navedenog, u radu se utvrđuje je li se hrvatski pravni sustav udaljio od rimske pravne tradicije vezano za pristup prema pomorskom dobru kao općem dobru te je li stvorio novo kvazistvarno pravo na pomorskom dobru.
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