Multivariate Data Analysis to Assess Groundwater Hydrochemical Characterization in Rawadanau Basin, Banten Indonesia

Authors

  • Priyo Hartanto Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-6947
  • Rachmat Fajar Lubis Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-7169
  • Boy Yoseph C.S.S. Syah Alam Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran
  • Yoga Andriana Sendjaja Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
  • Ismawan Ismawan Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia, https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4327-1288
  • T. Yan W.M Iskandarsyah Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
  • Hendarmawan Hendarmawan Faculty of Geological Engineering, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2024.1.12

Keywords:

HCA, PCA, water chemistry, Rawadanau, volcanic rocks

Abstract

A multivariate statistical technique of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) has been applied to identify and classify the various water sources that comprise the Rawadanau Basin. The data collection includes 60 samples taken during the dry (29 samples) and the rainy season (31 samples) in tropical regions. Sources of sampled water include dug wells, rivers, cold springs, and hot springs. Water chemistry measurable variables include field data (T, pH, EC), major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-), SiO2, Fetotal, Mn, and stable isotopes of water (d2H, and d18O). The correlation of the concentration of water chemistry shows changes in the rainy season to Fetotal and Mn. Interpretation based on HCA using the dendrogram based on the chemical elements of water produces two clusters. Cluster A reflects an unconfined aquifer and bicarbonate type. Meanwhile, cluster B is a chloride type from the confined aquifer and does not change in different seasons. The PCA results show that the three-component matrix accounts for 86.12% of the data structure describing the Rawadanau Basin water sources that volcanic rocks affect and strongly correlate with Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. PC1 has a high positive value for hydrochemical composition, indicating that lithology influences the kind of water. PC2 has a positive value for the stable isotope (d18O and d2H), meaning it is the main water source in Rawadanau. PC3 has a positive value for elevation and a negative for longitude, indicating a recharge area influenced by geological factors and is correlated with geothermal influences and volcanic rocks. This multivariate analysis can identify components and clusters of hydrochemical variables that have not been determined in previous studies.

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Published

2024-03-01

How to Cite

Hartanto, P., Lubis, R. F., Alam, B. Y. C. S. ., Sendjaja, Y. A. ., Ismawan, I., Iskandarsyah, T. Y. W., & Hendarmawan, H. (2024). Multivariate Data Analysis to Assess Groundwater Hydrochemical Characterization in Rawadanau Basin, Banten Indonesia . Rudarsko-geološko-Naftni Zbornik, 39(1), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2024.1.12

Issue

Vol. 39 No. 1 (2024): No. 67

Section

Geology

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Priyo Hartanto, Rachmat Fajar Lubis, Boy Yoseph C.S.S. Syah Alam, Yoga Andriana Sendjaja, Ismawan Ismawan, T. Yan W.M Iskandarsyah, Hendarmawan Hendarmawan

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