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Topography of the Two Estates by Mediaeval Orders (Cruciferi) in the Valley of Glogovnica
Ranko Pavleš
Sažetak
The article describes two medieval estates by mediaeval orders (cruciferi) which were situated in the valley of the upper reach of the river Glogovnica in the Northeast of Križevci in the area of the present-day villages Marinovac, Gornja Glogovnica, Donja Glogovnica, Ivanac, Cabraji and Vojakovac. The description is based mostly upon the viewpoint of historical topography. In the part which deals with the subject of Glogovnica, that was governed by the Canons of the Sacred Grave of Jerusalem, the first topic are the estate borders from 1207, which partly correspond to the border descriptions of the neighbouring estates Cerovo brdo and Apatovec from the years 1244 and 1249, and are partly very incomprehensive. Still, from the decriptions can be discerned that the estate was situated between the stream Glogovnica (spreading also to a part of the lands in its West) and the stream Gliboki (then named Rasinja), adjoining in the North the hill of Gradec, and in the East the stream of Koprivnica. From the analysis it can be concluded that the estate of Glogovnica spread neither to Apatovec nor to the environs of the present-day village Veliki Poganec, as it was presumed by the literature up to the present day. The list of the villages on the estate, given with the description of the borders from the year 1207, can not be used for topographic research, because all of the settlements named have disappeared in the 16th century as a consequence of the Ottoman devastations. A convent also existed on the estate (domus sancti sepulchri), adjoined by the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The remains of a church have also been confirmed to exist next to the present-day parish church in Donja Glogovnica. Later on a castle is also being mentioned here. In the area covered by the estate there are several unresearched archaeological localities (Crkvenjak, Groblje, Križno drvo). The Order of the Holy Sepulchre governed Glogovnica from several distant estates (Gornji Miholjac in Slavonia, Križancija in Podravina, Planina near Zagreb, Tkalec near Vrbovec). In the 15th century the Holy Sepulchre lost Glogovnica to the Prepositi from Zagreb. In the beginning of the 17th century the estate was acquired by the Jesuits from Zagreb. In the second part there is word about an estate held by the Templars, and after that by the Order of St. John. First it was called Glogovnica, just like the already described Sepulchre estate, and later on Glogovnica Sveti Ivan or simply Sveti Ivan. The Templar estates in this area are described by means of three round trips around the borders from the 13th century. Two of them describe the region around the present-day village Ivanec near Križevci and the area from the upper reach of the stream Koprivnica to the village of Vojakovec, and are to be found in the same document from 1209. The third border description from 1292 mentions a smaller Templar estate in the area of the village of Vojakovec. From the border descriptions and the other data it can be concluded that the estate of Glogovnica Sveti Ivan spread in the West to the village Ivanec, in the Northeast to the stream Koprivnica, in the East to the village Novi Bošnjani (the estate of Gragena in the Middle Ages), and in the South it probably spread to the stream Oslovica, which was situated north from the village Majurec. In earlier times a Templar convent (domus) of unknown location existed on the estate. The church of St. John, by which the village of Ivanec (and the whole estate) probably got its name, was probably situated in the areas of Groblje and Zidine between Ivanec and Cabraji. The Order of St. John governed the estate of Glogovnica after overtaking it from the Templars, according to their priory of Vrana. The estate was either destroyed in the civil war that occurred after the year 1527,or in the campaign by the Sultan’s army in 1532, and a part of it is later included into the Military Border. (Translated by Marina Bertovic)
Ključne riječi
Glogovnica; St. John; Regular Canons of the Sacred Grave of Jerusalem; Templars; the Order of St. John; the Middle Ages; topography
Hrčak ID:
2603
URI
Datum izdavanja:
20.12.2005.
Posjeta: 3.476 *