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Lada - "Lepi Ivo" (Beautiful Ivo) – Ivanjdan (Feast Day Of St. John) - With a Special Overview of the Songs and Customs of Podravina Croatians in Hungary
Đuro Franković
; Pečuh
Sažetak
At the very beginning it should pointed out that St. John from the New Testament is the complete opposite of “lepi Ivo”, Ivan, known from Croatian ceremonial songs. The latter is armed with a sword; he appears therefore as a warring deity who later attained the traits of a farming deity, namely he “ploughs long acres”. The image of a saint and pagan young deity Ivo, lead to a connection with syncretism and contamination of images, the archaic pagan layer and Christian teachings.
On the other hand however preserved in Ivanjdan songs from the Koprivnica region in Croatia, singularly and undoubtedly remain traces of the goddess Lada, as a young and beautiful girl, goddess of love, preparing the wedding and marrying her brother Ivan, which would mean incest. The Slavic, in our case the Slavic Venus, Lada, in ethnological sciences was acceptable for some scientists, while for others it was disputed, while in recent years B.A. Ribakov, a Russian
archaeologist, again renewed the myth about Lada and Lelja, equally so in Serbian sciences, it is almost unanimously accepted that Lada and Ljelja are Slavic goddesses. In the aforementioned
noted Croatian songs of the ethno musician Vinko Žganac from the Koprivnica countryside, Lada has a particular place, whereby we must not bring into question that it is a case of counterfeit
songs! However in the popular tradition of Hungarian Croats, St. John is the complete opposite of the St. John from the New Testament, namely the first considered himself a pagan, with whom various activities are linked: opens to doors of heaven to deceased souls, leads the Mother of God to heaven, ploughs long “acres” (sexual symbolism), walks across the golden bridge (links heaven
and earth), brings fertility and abundance to fields. St. John’s Day songs are a clear portrayal of the contamination of the archaic pagan layers and the Christian teachings about saints: Mary, John, the christening of Jesus are also supplemented with other characteristics not contained within the New Testament. St. John’s Day customs were carried out by Hungarian Croats, like elsewhere in the world, on the eve of the equinox, therefore the night before, with fire and jumping over the fire for health and happy love, with mandatory giving of gifts of fruits of the earth, with “lilanje” (tradition of jumping over the fire) and performing of archaic St. John’s Day love songs which were followed by unrestrained merriment, not rarely ending in intercourse. God-parenthood is often linked to St. John’s Day, as its recognisable attribute. Long St. John’s Day songs were performed together, the youth and young brides together with their husbands sang, of course in regions even older, prominent citizens, while children would run around with lighted “lilama” (torches), spinning around with these in the night time, describing magic circles, that is, probably copying and exhibiting the sun’s path in the heavens, whose warmth was required for the ripening of the barley, rye and wheat.
Ključne riječi
Lada; “lepi” Ivo (beautiful Ivo); love; wedding; wreath; clouds; fire; god-parenthood; birth; sheath; fertility; harvest; strawberry; golden bridge; sexual symbolism
Hrčak ID:
77643
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.6.2011.
Posjeta: 2.479 *