Izvorni znanstveni članak
Ciborium with Gables from the Church of St. Martha, Bijaći
Tomislav Marasović
; HR, Split, Marasovića 8
Sažetak
Among numerous stone fragments excavated more than one hundred years ago from the Pre-Romanesque church of St. Martha in Bijaći near Trogir, the author of this paper has discovered a rare type of altar ciborium characterized by four gables. These fragments, published systematically only in 2004, have traditionally been attributed as remains of an altar screen. Only two sides of the ciborium are preserved and have been partially restored. The outer edges ofboth gables are deco rated with spiral hooks which continue also along the vertical segments. This decoration alone eliminates the possibility that those parts might belong to an altar screen, as it had been previously accepted. The central surface of one gable is occupied by two facing peacocks eating from a single bunch of grapes, two rosettes and two smaller stylized birds on the corners of the trianguJar field. The lower field is decorated by a semicircular braided ribbon pattern. The only the motifin the central field of the other gable is a vine tendril, forming circles and extending to the edge of the arch. The gables are compared to a similar example found in the Church of St. Vincent in Cortona, Italy, on which an inscription naming Charlemagne is carved, as well as in an early Romanesque example from the Church of S t. Ambrogio in Milan. Among Croatian archaeological heritage, a similar fragment of a ciboriurn gable has been recognized in the Pre-Romanesque Church of St. Peter in Zadar, which until now has also been attributed as remains of an altar screen. In order to propose a date for these two gables, the author has considered the different stages of the liturgical furniture found in St. Martha to establish a chronology of its development. Although there is not one precise indication for chronological conclusions, the author has identified five different stone carving workshops active from the 61h century to the end of the 9,b century. The first one furnished the early Christian basi lica in the 6'" century and the second was active in the Pre-Carolingian period (7'" century) within the same basilica. The third workshop was engaged in the production of a new altar screen in the beginning of the 9'b century, after the original basilica had been demolished. The craftsmanship of the fourth workshop has been recognized from a ciborium in the baptistery dating from the second quarter of the 9'b century. The ciborium with gables, as well as another allar screen from the Pre-Romanesque church are attributed to the fifth workshop and presumed to be dated from the second half of the 9'" century.
Ključne riječi
ciborium; gable; Pre-Romanesque; St. Martha; Bijaći
Hrčak ID:
81719
URI
Datum izdavanja:
22.9.2006.
Posjeta: 2.893 *