Psychiatria Danubina, Vol. 24. No. 2., 2012.
Pregledni rad
THE INFLUENCE OF CYTOKINES ON WAKEFULNESS REGULATION: CLINICAL RELEVANCE, MECHANISMS AND METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
Julia Weschenfelder
; Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Christian Sander
; Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Michael Kluge
; Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Kenneth Clifford Kirkby
; Department of Psychiatry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
Hubertus Himmerich
; Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Sažetak
Sleep-wake-regulation has been shown to be substantially influenced by cytokines. The clinical relevance of this issue arises from
(1) the frequency of accidents, injuries and impairment in social functioning due to sleepiness, (2) the occurrence of fatigue
syndromes associated with inflammatory diseases, cancer or obesity, (3) the role of wakefulness regulation for the pathophysiology
of affective and sleep disorders and (4) sedation as a side effect of psychopharmacological therapy. Experimental studies confirm the
somnogenic influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). These
cytokines modulate centers of wakefulness regulation located in the hypothalamus, the basal forebrain and the brain stem by
influencing substances involved in sleep-wake-behavior such as adenosine, nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),
prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), the neurotransmitters γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate and norepinephrine, as well as hormones
such as growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Clinical studies of the influence of cytokines on wakefulness regulation are underrepresented in the research literature and objective measures of wakefulness such as the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) are seldom reported.
Ključne riječi
wakefulness; vigilance; cytokines; sleepiness
Hrčak ID:
106214
URI
Datum izdavanja:
24.6.2012.
Posjeta: 1.773 *