Pregledni rad

Vascular dysfunction and exercise

IVANA GRIZELJ ; 1_Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Medicine, Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612; 2_Department of Physiology and Immunology School of Medicine University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
ANA ČAVKA ; 1_Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Medicine, Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612; 2_Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
SHANE A. PHILLIPS ; Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Medicine, Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612. USA

Sažetak

The endothelium regulates vascular permeability and actively controls the exchange of molecules in response to environmental and molecular signals. Endothelial cells regulate vascular tone by releasing a number of soluble mediators, including nitric oxide, prostaglandin I2, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. Misbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants results in increased production of reactive oxygen species, increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Endothelium dysfunction is characterized by an impaired nitric oxide bioavailability due to reduced production of nitric oxide, reduced endothelium-dependent hyper-polarization and enhanced
production of contracting factors. Endothelium dysfunction leads to
vascular remodeling by vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix remodeling. The presence of impaired endotheliumdependent vasodilation is a marker of endothelial dysfunction. The benefits of exercise on the cardiovascular system have long been recognized. Most clinical and experimental studies have reported beneficial effects of regular physical activity in increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, regular physical exercise may be a protective factor
against vascular dysfunction induced by acute exertion.

Ključne riječi

Hrčak ID:

125460

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/125460

Datum izdavanja:

31.3.2014.

Posjeta: 1.450 *