Pregledni rad

Stem cells in bone regeneration

MARINA PANEK ; Department for Intercellular Communication, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
INGA MARIJANOVIĆ ; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
ALAN IVKOVIĆ orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-6244 ; 1_Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Sveti Duh 64, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; 2_Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia

Sažetak

Bone defects, including normal fracture healing as well as healing problems represent a global health problem. The need for better treatment of bone defects is one of the central issues of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Regenerative orthopedics has several approaches – activation of endogenous stem cells, stem cell therapy and tissue engineering. Development of new treatments is mainly focused on the tissue engineering strategies that include stem cells, bioactive signals and appropriate scaffold support.

The aim of this review is to describe a variety of stem cells that have an
ability to become bone cells and therefore are of central importance for bone tissue engineering. Several cell types have been proposed as starting material - embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and adult stem cells. Due to ethical and safety issues, embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells may be more suitable for studying human development and tissue formation under diverse experimental conditions, and represent an excellent base for understanding human diseases and development of innovative therapeutic solutions. Among adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells are the most suitable for bone tissue engineering. They can be isolated from variety of mesenchymal tissues and can differentiate into osteoblasts when given appropriate mechanical support and osteoinductive signal.

The near future of bone healing and regeneration is closely related to
advances in tissue engineering. The optimization of protocols of bone graft production using autologous mesenchymal stem cells loaded on appropriate scaffolds, exposed to osteogenic inducers and mechanical force in bioreactor, should be able to solve the current limitations in managing bone injuries.

Ključne riječi

stem cells; bone regeneration; orthopaedics; tissue engineering; regenerative medicine

Hrčak ID:

139538

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/139538

Datum izdavanja:

31.3.2015.

Posjeta: 2.718 *