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Groundwater Protection - an Example of Vulnerability Assessment of the Gradole Spring Catchment Area (Croatia) Using SINTACS Method
Maja Mlinarić
; Geotehnički fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Jelena Loborec
; Geotehnički fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Ranko Biondić
; Geotehnički fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska
Sažetak
Protection of drinking water sources in Croatia is carried out in a way to protect the catchment area of these sources on different levels of protection and different limitations of human activities in these zones based on the level of protection. Criteria zoning, as well as the procedure of making the protection of groundwater inflow to the area of drinking water sources, are defined at the national level statutory legislation. Some countries, besides the classic hydrogeological research, in the methodology for determining protection zones have included the intrinsic vulnerability of aquifers assessment as one of additional tools for better definition of protection zones, but also for better determination of the limits of human activity that are made for the corresponding zone. In Croatia the use of intrinsic vulnerability mapping is not compulsory research method for determining the sanitary protection zones, but it provides additional information that can better the protection of a catchment area.
The paper describes the application of SINTACS method for intrinsic vulnerability mapping when assessing the effectiveness of the groundwater protection in the catchment area of Gradole spring. Gradole spring is the biggest captured karst spring in Istria and is an indispensable source of drinking water for the population of that area. For this reason, it is very important to protect the catchment area adequately so that the risk of groundwater contamination is reduced to a minimum. Mapping of intrinsic vulnerability pointed out the two areas on which more detailed hydrogeological research should be focused. These are: the area around the Čiže ponor which is evaluated as extremely vulnerable (since there's no protective cover and a permanent groundwater connection with a source Gradole) and part around the ponor in Tinjanska draga, where, thanks to the layers of red soil with lower permeability, vulnerability is rated as very high. Most of the basin has been assessed in very high and high vulnerability class because it is composed of good to medium permeable rock. Only the north-eastern part of the basin is assess as low and very low vulnerable because it is composed of impermeable flysch layers. The results can advantageously be used for more precise definition of Gradole spring water protection zones.
Ključne riječi
Gradole; karst aquifer; intrinsic vulnerability; SINTACS; protection zones
Hrčak ID:
162337
URI
Datum izdavanja:
4.7.2016.
Posjeta: 1.770 *