Izvorni znanstveni članak

D1SFLUENC1ES AND SELF-MONTIOR1NG

Maria Gosy ; Research Institute lor Linguistics, HAS and Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest Hungary

Sažetak

One ofthe major questions in speech science has been how are language produetion and comprehension related. Both processes require rapid and accurate retrieval of words and appropriate grammatical struetures from the mental lexicon. Theories propose that word retrieval involves the selection of at least two levels of lex i cal Information, semantic representations and word-forms. Spontaneous speech is characterized by various phonetic processes sneh as co-articulation, the variability of the phonetic form of words, and by various tvpes of disfluency phenomena. As speakers we come across difficulties during speech planning while as listeners \re have to cope with other peoples' speech difficulties resulting in erroneous utterances. Speech disfluencies are generallv defined as phenomena that interrupt the flow of speech and do not add propositional contents to an utterance. There are various forms of disfluencies that occur and might slightly differ across languages. This talk \vill discuss the results of a series ofexperiments that have been carried out with Hungarian speakers/1 isteners focusing on speech disfluencies. A corpus containing more than 5 000 perceived disfluencv items was analvzed while recorded spontaneous speech material of about 8 hours \vas analysed. Several specific experiments were also carried out to investigate the problem with the participation of voung people, ehildren and elderlv persons. The folloM'ing questions were posed. (i) How do the various tvpes and occurrences of disfluency highlight the difficulties the speaker faces during speaking? (ii) What kinds of interrelations exist between the phonetic and phonologocial operations resulting in errors during speech planning? (i i i) Do pauses refer to specific operations in the mental lexicon predicting the phonetic output? The temporal analysis of word retrieval was carried out in a "tip-of-the-tongue" elicitation experiment while pauses signaling the speaker's wordfinding difficulties were measured also in spontaneous speech. (iv) How does the speaker's self-monitoring work? What kinds of strategies Jie behind the diverse outcomes of the self-monitoring process? There are dis fluencies that the speaker fails to notice. on the one hand. and there are disfluencies that are noticed by the speaker but still remain uncorrected, on the other. There are yet other disfluencies that are corrected during speaking without the ction being noticed by the speaker. (v) Are there any differences among the types and occurrences of disfluencv depending on the age of the speaker? (vi) IVhat kinds of effects do speakers ' disfluencies have on listeners? Speech perception is an extremely fast process, given that \vhile the mechanism interprets the incoming \vaveform as a series of linguistic segments and suprasegmentals, it is also continuouslv readv to receive and correct incoming erroneous messages. How>are speakers able to monitor their own speech while listening at the same time to another's speech (using a shadowing technicjue) or while being disturbed by background speech noise (Lombard-effect)? What kind of strategy helps speakers to comprehend erroneous speech? Our findings enable a hvpothesis to be formulated explaining the differences in speech disfluencies (both in produetion and perception) depending on their type. the speaker 's age, the actual context and the speech planning level where they occur.

Ključne riječi

disfluencv; self-correction (phonetics); speech produetion. phonetics; Hungarian language

Hrčak ID:

173610

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/173610

Datum izdavanja:

1.9.2007.

Posjeta: 1.362 *