Arhivski vjesnik, Vol. 55 No. 1, 2012.
Prethodno priopćenje
Contribution to the Reconstruction of the History of Old Croatian Noble Families Tompa of Horzowa and Tompa of Palychna
Goranka Kreačić
Sažetak
This article is an attempt of the critical revision of the recent text written by anonymous historian/archivist from the first half of 20th century. This text was found as an addition to the Fonds of the family Tompa (HR-HDA-775) in the Croatian State Archives (CSA). His text explores a short history of the old Croatian family Tompa of lesser nobility and covers the period from 15th to 20th century. Some members of these kindred are described as one family but in most cases, it is impossible to link them to each other. On the contrary, we cannot treat them as one family but only as different families’ e. g. Tompa of Horzowa, Tompa of Palychna, Tompa of Kutnan (Kutina), Tompych of ZeËevo and of VranograË. We can’t prove their connections with absolute certainty, except for the first two. There is also some evidence that members of one family used both titles from 17th century on, Horzova and Palychna. In the above mentioned text, the family origin is placed in the historical region of Transylvania. Primarily they were the leaders “Cnezes” of Slavic origin from Walachia, who were soldiers in the Byzantine Army, but over time they turned into a closed caste of professional soldiers, a variety of pre-feudal elite. They moved to Transylvania in the late 12thcentury and came to Croatia, more precisely in Regnum Sclauoniae in the next century. The author of the text states that they were primarily Tompa of Palychna and later they split into two families: Palychna and Horzowa. Even more, he claims that the other noble family, Tompa of Monoyro, was from the same origin. However, no traces of that noble family could be found in Croatia, but we can find them as Thompa of Monyoros in Slovakia (medieval Upper Hungary). There is no relevant evidence in the sources to prove those statements, and the origin of the families/kindred is impossible to establish, as well as to connect to the noble families Tompa of Monyoros and Tompa of Palychna. The only certain evidence is that they appeared for the first time in Croatia as Tompa of Horzowa at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries around the castle of Križevci, County of Križevci. Therefore, the author’s statement that John Tompa (de Erdewd), the brother (frater carnalis) of the bishop and Croatian ban Simon Bakocz/Erdödy, was identical to the John Tompa of Horzowa, should be discarded. In this article, most of locally available sources about the noble families Tompa of Horzova and of Palychna were used, with a particular attention paid to their careers in the political hierarchy, the matrimonial ties, partly genealogy, and the acquisition of the estates. The analyses of their four coats of arms and genealogical papers also found in the Fonds of family Tompa in the CSA will be explored in the next contribution for reconstruction of the history of the kindred. In the 15th, 16th and 17th century, members of Croatian noble families Tompa were playing more or less important role in many crucial events in the history of Southeast Europe. One member from the family Tompa of Kutnan was a young “familiar” (familiaris) of Hungarian king Sigmund of Luxembourg, and the heroic fighter against the Ottoman Turks in the battle of Nicopolis in 1396. Two members of the kindred were the participants in the Siege/Battle of Szigeth in 1566. From the end of 14th to 17th century, we meet them as judges (iudex nobilium), highly educated persons (literatus, magister), a courtier (aulicus), vice mayors (vicecomes), tax collectors (dicator), as well as officers. Two members of the kindred were ecclesiastics; one was the bishop of Pecs, the second was the canon/dean (cannonicus) of Zagreb cathedral.
Ključne riječi
Tompa de Horzowa/Horsova; Tompa de Palychn/Palicsna; History of Croatian noble families Tompa; Croatian State Archives; the Late Middle Ages; the Early Modern period
Hrčak ID:
103114
URI
Datum izdavanja:
11.12.2012.
Posjeta: 2.687 *