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https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2019.53

Vasospastic angina – myocarditis imitation: a case report

Blanka Glavaš Konja orcid.org/0000-0003-1134-4856 ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Vlatka Rešković Lukšić ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Joško Bulum ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Martina Lovrić Benčić ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Marija Mance ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Zvonimir Ostojić ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Lada Bradić ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Davor Radić ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Tea Šimonček ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Jadranka Šeparović Hanževački ; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

Sažetak

Case report: 45-year-old woman was hospitalized for severe chest pain. Her medical problem began four months earlier. ECG and echocardiographic findings were normal. Stress test was stopped because of chest pain at 8 METs. At the time of two-minute chest pain, the ECG recorded intermittent left branch block (Figure 1). The 24h Holter ECG showed the frequency dependent left bundle branch block
(LBBB) but no chest pain episode. MSCT coronary artery detected normal coronary arteries. Cardiac MR was suggestive to myocarditis. Troponin and inflammatory parameters during the four months of follow-up remained normal. Considering the persistence of symptoms, coronary angiography was performed showing normal epicardial arteries. During angiography, the patient experienced chest pain at the time of right coronary artery (RCA) probing, and coronary artery spasm of the proximal RCA was obvious at the time (Figure 2). After the nitroglycerin bolus application, spasm disappears (Figure 3) and chest pain released. During the coronary angiography there was no ST-segment elevation, nor intermittent LBBB. Vasospastic angina has been diagnosed. The patient was further treated with calcium antagonists and long-acting nitrates resulting in clinical improvement.
Discussion: Early diagnosis of variant angina is crucial to avoid major cardiac events1. In the case of large coronary artery spasm, the ECG can show impermanent ST elevation. LBBB was observed temporarily
in our patient during stress test concomitant with chest pain but not in the 24h Holter ECG recording. Coronary vasospasm and myocarditis are both recognized mimics of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries. The occurrence of both pathologies in the same patient has rarely been described2. Our patient had no troponin increase recorded, and no inflammatory parameters. It is important to note that the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the CMR for pericarditis is under 100%3. The case confirms the complexity of vasospastic angina diagnosis, and the importance of understanding the diagnostic imaging limitations.

Ključne riječi

vasospastic angina; variant angina; myocarditis; diagnosis

Hrčak ID:

220573

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/220573

Datum izdavanja:

31.5.2019.

Posjeta: 829 *