Arti musices, Vol. 50 No. 1-2, 2019.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.21857/y54jofp37m
Fr. Petar Knežević and the Organ Mass: On the Performance Practice of the Cantus Fractus Ordinary Cycles in Knežević’s Chant Books
Hrvoje Beban
orcid.org/0000-0001-9344-6674
; Split, Hrvatska
Sažetak
This study addresses aspects of the performance practice of the cantus fractus Masses with missing verses collected in three chant books, kantuali, and copied by the Franciscan friar Petar Knežević in 1767 and 1768 for the friaries in Sinj and Visovac of the Franciscan Province of the Most Holy Redeemer. In 1923, Ivan Ocvirk, Ladislav Gagulić and Josip Mantuani discussed shortening the liturgical texts in Knežević’s Mass ordinaries in the church music journal Sv. Cecilija, and proposed various substitutions for the missing verses. The discussion was resumed in 1984 by Miho Demović and touched upon again in 2017 in a major study on Knežević’s chant books by Hana Breko Kustura.
After having assessed the aforementioned views on this topic, the present author proposes that these cantus fractus Masses were intended to be sung alternatim, with the missing verses supplied by organ versets. The use of organ in alternatim with choir since the beginning of the fifteenth century, especially in Italy, is well documented. This practice became widespread after 1600, when it was approved and regulated in the Caeremoniale episcoporum of Pope Clement VIII. Knežević’s first chant book, Kantual A, was studied thoroughly, with particular regard to the sett ings of the Mass ordinary texts and the distribution of the verses between the choir and organ. Analysis indicates that the settings largely correspond to those commonly found in Italian organ masses, with some variations, especially in the Credo. Speculation on what the versets for Knežević’s Masses looked like is also offered, together with mention of a neglected source of the organ versets for the Divine Office, the Visovačka kajdanka, a music manuscript copied in Brescia in 1757 and acquired by the Franciscan convent in Visovac, which may also have been a source of the versets in Knežević’s Masses. The present study aims to show that the cantus fractus Mass settings in Knežević’s chant books actually belong to the tradition of the alternatim organ mass. As such, Knežević’s kantuali represent overlooked mid-eighteenth century sources of the organ mass, as previously documented at the beginning of the seventeenth century in organ tabulature from the town of Hvar in Dalmatia.
Ključne riječi
fr. Petar Knežević; kantuali; Kantual A; Mass ordinary cycles; cantus fractus; organ mass; missing verses; alternatim; performance practice; Visovačka kajdanka
Hrčak ID:
234065
URI
Datum izdavanja:
6.12.2019.
Posjeta: 1.229 *