Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2020-0004
Detecting unbalanced bids via an improved grading-based model
Gul Polat
; Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
Harun Turkoglu
; Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
Atilla Damci
; Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
Firat Dogu Akin
; Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
Sažetak
Unbalanced bidding, also known as skewed
bidding, is the process of increasing and/or decreasing
the prices of various bid items without altering the total
offered bid price. Bids can be unbalanced either mathematically (front-end loading) or materially (quantity error
exploitation). Owners should be very careful when evaluating the tenders as awarding a contract to an unbalanced bid may result in severe cost overruns because the
prices of those items do not reflect their true costs and
markup allocations. Unbalanced bidding is still a contentious issue in the construction industry. While some
researchers consider it as a legal bidding strategy in such
a fierce competitive business environment, others view
it as an unethical practice and claim that unbalanced
bids should be disqualified. Studies regarding unbalanced bidding can be categorized into two groups: (1)
the ones focusing on detecting or preventing this practice to help owners; and 2) the ones focusing on optimizing unbalanced bidding to help contractors. This
study aims to develop a model, which consists of eight
grading systems, to assist owners in detecting materially
unbalanced bids. The proposed model is the improved
version of the previous model, which was composed of
five grading systems. In order to demonstrate how this
grading-based model can be used by owners, an illustrative example is presented. It was found that owners can
easily and successfully detect unbalanced bids via the
proposed model
Ključne riječi
unbalanced bidding; materially unbalanced; bids; detection model; owners
Hrčak ID:
243167
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.2.2020.
Posjeta: 1.054 *