Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.1756371
R&D expenditure in the EU: convergence or divergence?
Francisco A. Blanco
Francisco J. Delgado
Maria J. Presno
Sažetak
This article examines the convergence of the R&D expenditure in
the EU28 for 2004–2015. We initially run a sigma convergence
analysis and the results show convergence in the total expenditure,
due to the behaviour of the business and higher education
sectors, despite government sector divergence. However, noticeable
differences between the EU15 and 13 EU countries are
apparent. The business enterprise sector is the main driver of
EU15 R&D convergence, whereas for the EU13 this role is played
by the government expenditure. In addition, the economic crisis
has impacted differently on both groups. The club convergence
approach allows us to explore these insights through individualized
analysis and clusterization. Results for the EU28 show two
clubs for the total expenditure, but the analysis of its components
reveals a larger grouping. Our results evidence the necessity of
revising the EU R&D policies towards greater coordination and
resources, and the implementation of new instruments, due to
the impact of this expenditure on growth, development and
integration.
Ključne riječi
Convergence; R&D; expenditure; European Union
Hrčak ID:
254499
URI
Datum izdavanja:
9.2.2021.
Posjeta: 705 *