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Starting action dynamics analysis in top sprinters

Milan Čoh ; Fakulteta za šport Univerze v Ljubljani, Slovenija
Aleš Dolenec ; Fakulteta za šport Univerze v Ljubljani, Slovenija

Sažetak

The objective of the analysis has been to establish some most important parameters of the starting action and their correlation with the starting acceleration. The sample of the tested subjects comprised 8 male sprinters and 6 female sprinters of the national team of Slovenia. The criterion test was a 30m sprint front the crouch start. The parameters of the starting action were measured by special electronic starting blocks, and the parameters of the starting acceleration by a system of photocells, placed at spacings of 5-10-15-20-30 meters. In the analysis, 16 variables of the starting action and 6 variables of the starting acceleration were considered. In order to establish the association between the starting action and starting acceleration, the method of correlation analysts at an error probability level of 5% was adopted. The largest differences between male and female sprinters were established in the magnitude of the horizontal force and the force impulse exerted on the starting blocks, while the smallest differences could be seen in the reaction times.
The results of the correlation analysts show that the starting acceleration in male sprinters is primarily correlated with the starting reaction time (R= 0.83), the maximal pressure exerted on the front starting block (R=0.78), and the force gradient on the front starting block (R=0.60). However, in female sprinters, the efficiency of the starting acceleration depends on the latent reaction time (R=0.63), the starting reaction time (R=0.92), the maximal pressure exerted on the rear starting block (R=0.66), and the impulse of the push-off force exerted on the rear starting block (R=0.74). The diagrams of the starting acceleration show that male sprinters perform the push-off from the starting blocks in an eccentric-concentric manner, while female sprinters carry it out in a concentric manner.
The results obtained are important for the optimization of the starting technique and starting speed. At the same time they also enable a better control and planning of the process of the technical training of sprinters.

Ključne riječi

sprint, biomechanics, dynamics analysis, top sprinters

Hrčak ID:

255708

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/255708

Datum izdavanja:

13.4.1996.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 753 *