Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2022.63.3 6
The associations of age, sex, and comorbidities with survival of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019: data from 4014 patients from a tertiary-center registry
Nevenka Piskač Živković
; Pulmonology Department, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Marko Lucijanić
orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-2040
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Nikolina Bušić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivana Jurin
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Armin Atić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Andrilović
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Toni Penović
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Iva Domić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Jelena Gnjidić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Martina Demaria
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivan Papić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Ida Tješić-Drinković
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Ivica Lukšić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Bruno Baršić
; Primary Respiratory and Intensive Care Center, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract
Aim To investigate how age, sex, and comorbidities affect the survival of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) patients.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed the records of 4014
consecutive adults hospitalized for COVID-19 in a tertiarylevel institution from March 2020 to March 2021.
Results The median age was 74 years. A total of 2256
(56.2%) patients were men. The median Charlson-comor
-
bidity-index (CCI) was 4 points; 3359 (82.7%) patients had
severe or critical COVID-19. A significant interaction be
-
tween age, sex, and survival (
P
<0.05) persisted after ad
-
justment for CCI. In patients <57 years, male sex was re
-
lated to a favorable (odds ration [OR] 0.50, 95% confidence
interval [CI] 0.29-0.86), whereas in patients ≥57 years it was
related to an unfavorable prognosis (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-
1.37). Comorbidities associated with inferior survival inde
-
pendently of age, sex, and severe/critical COVID-19 on ad
-
mission were chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, acute
myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular insult, history
of venous thromboembolism, chronic kidney disease, ma
-
jor bleeding, liver cirrhosis, mental retardation, dementia,
active malignant disease, metastatic malignant disease,
autoimmune/rheumatic disease, bilateral pneumonia, and
other infections on admission.
Conclusion Among younger patients, female sex might
lead to an adverse prognosis due to undisclosed reasons
(differences in fat tissue distribution, hormonal status, and
other mechanisms). Patient subgroups with specific co
-
morbidities require additional considerations during hos
-
pital stay for COVID-19. Future studies focusing on sex differences and potential interactions are warranted.
Keywords
Hrčak ID:
278997
URI
Publication date:
17.2.2022.
Visits: 410 *