Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.5552/crojfe.2022.1563
Effectiveness of Water Diversion Structure to Mitigate Runoff, Sediment Yield, Nitrate and Phosphate Concentrations in Skid Trail of Mountainous Forest Ecosystem
Meghdad Jourgholami
; University of Tehran University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources Faculty of Natural Resources Department of Forestry and Forest Economics 31585–4314, Zob-e-Ahan Street, Karaj Alborz IRAN
Maryam Etehadi Abari
; University of Tehran University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources Faculty of Natural Resources Department of Forestry and Forest Economics 31585–4314, Zob-e-Ahan Street, Karaj Alborz IRAN
Rachele Venanzi
; Tuscia University Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE) Via S. Camillo de Lellis 01100, Viterbo ITALY
Farzam Tavankar
; Islamic Azad University, Khalkhal Branch Faculty of Natural resources Department of Forestry Valie Asr Street 56817-31367, Khalkhal City Ardebil Province IRAN
Rodolfo Picchio
; Tuscia University Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE) Via S. Camillo de Lellis 01100, Viterbo ITALY
Sažetak
It is well-known that soil and water conservation actions (e.g., installing water diversion
structures) are necessary to restore skid trails after logging operations. However, there are
some points that have yet to be determined concerning the efficacy of rehabilitation on sediment
yield and nutrient export to the aquatic environment. The objectives of this study were to
determine the optimal distance among the water diversion structures (WDSs) to suppress
runoff, sediment yield, and measure nitrate and phosphate concentrations on the skid trails of
a mountainous ecosystem. The study was conducted on a total of 18 bounded runoff plots,
each with a width of 4 m and a length of 120 m, divided into six treatment compartments done
in triplicate. Beech logs were placed at a distance of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters. An untreated
area (U) was set up during the recording period from 18 September 2015 to 17
September 2016. In all the WDS treatments and untreated trails (U), the observed peaks of
runoff, sediment yield, as well as nitrate and phosphate concentrations was found to be significantly
correlated with the amount of rainfall events. Results show that there was a decrease
in surface runoff and runoff coefficient, sediment yield, and nitrate and phosphate concentrations
by installing of WDS at different distances. The runoff and runoff coefficients (2.67 mm
and 0.101, respectively) were at the lowest level in the WDS20 (WDS at a distance of 20 m).
The sediment yield was significantly higher on the U, 13.52 g m-2 followed by WDS40, whereas
the lowest values were detected at the WDS10. Significantly higher values of nitrate were
found in the U (3.63 mg l-1), while the lowest amounts of nitrate were determined at WDS5
followed by the WDS20 treatment. The highest values of phosphate were found on the U treatment
(0.278 mg l-1) followed by the WDS40 treatment, whereas the lowest phosphate values
were measured in the WDS20 treated area. Therefore, it can be deduced that the recommended
water diversion structure should be placed at a distance of 20 m to mitigate runoff,
sediment yield, nitrate and phosphate exports on the skid trails.
Ključne riječi
logging operation, rainfall intensity, contour-felled logs, soil loss, nutrient loss
Hrčak ID:
290856
URI
Datum izdavanja:
30.6.2022.
Posjeta: 282 *