Pregledni rad

Rehabilitation after Osteoporotic Fracture

Tatjana Nikolić
Dubravka Sajković

Sažetak

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mineral density and changes in bone structure that lead to an increased risk of fracture. The most common osteoporotic fractures are hip, distal forearm, proximal humerus and vertebral fractures. Exercises used in rehabilitation after osteoporotic fractures are based on the possibility of improving bone density by mechanical loading that stresses the bone and stimulates bone formation. Progressive resistance training, weight-bearing and balance exercises are commonly used. Rehabilitation after vertebral fractures with exercise can improve quality of life, reduce chronic pain, improve posture, gait pattern, functional status and bone quality. Rehabilitation program following hip fracture should be multidisciplinary, while the key to the success of the rehabilitation of the geriatric population is early mobilization. Due to low muscle mass and strength, people with sarcopenia may have difficulty with mobility and changes in posture that can increase the risk of falls and fractures. Among the important causes of frequent falls in the elderly population are various comorbidities, cognitive impairment, medications and environmental obstacles. Environmental factors include the type of surface a person walks on, as well as lighting, furniture, various obstacles, and the absence of handrails. Physical activity, adopted muscle strengthening exercises, balance exercises and correcting gait patterns, can reduce the risk of falling. Vertebral and hip fractures have a significantly greater and longer-lasting impact on the patient's quality of life compared to other fractures. Hip fractures in the geriatric population have a negative impact on all aspects of life and a significant negative impact on quality of life. In support of this, the data show that only 40-60% of patients recover to the level of mobility before the fracture, and up to 70% to the level of activity in the basic activities of daily life.

Ključne riječi

quality of life; fall prevention; fractures; osteoporosis; rehabilitation; sarcopenia

Hrčak ID:

291570

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/291570

Datum izdavanja:

17.1.2023.

Podaci na drugim jezicima: hrvatski

Posjeta: 827 *