Original scientific paper

https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3727

The effects of ketamine on viability, primary DNA damage, and oxidative stress parameters in HepG2 and SH-SY5Y cells

Andreja Jurič orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-5159 ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Blanka Tariba Lovaković orcid.org/0000-0001-5908-506X ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Antonio Zandona orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-3520 ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Dubravka Rašić ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Martin Češi ; University of Zagreb Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb, Croatia
Alica Pizent orcid.org/0000-0003-0216-0166 ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Marijana Neuberg ; University North, University Centre Varaždin, Varaždin, Croatia
Irena Canjuga ; University North, University Centre Varaždin, Varaždin, Croatia
Maja Katalinić orcid.org/0000-0001-7043-4291 ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Ana Lucić Vrdoljak ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Arnes Rešić ; Children’s Hospital Zagreb Department of Paediatrics, Zagreb, Croatia
Irena Brčić Karačonji orcid.org/0000-0002-1151-8839 ; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia, University of Rijeka Faculty of Health Studies, Rijeka, Croatia

Abstract

Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic used to induce general anaesthesia in humans and laboratory animals. Due to its hallucinogenic and dissociative effects, it is also used as a recreational drug. Anaesthetic agents can cause toxic effects at the cellular level and affect cell survival, induce DNA damage, and cause oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. The aim of this study was to explore these possible adverse effects of ketamine on hepatocellular HepG2 and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells after 24-hour exposure to a concentration range covering concentrations used in analgesia, drug abuse, and anaesthesia (0.39, 1.56, and 6.25 μmol/L, respectively). At these concentrations ketamine had relatively low toxic outcomes, as it lowered HepG2 and SH-SY5Y cell viability up to 30 %, and low, potentially repairable DNA damage. Interestingly, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) remained unchanged in both cell lines. On the other hand, oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT)] pointed to ketamine-induced oxidant/antioxidant imbalance.

Keywords

anaesthetic; antioxidant enzymes; drug abuse; ROS; toxicity

Hrčak ID:

304381

URI

https://hrcak.srce.hr/304381

Publication date:

20.6.2023.

Article data in other languages: croatian

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