Original scientific paper
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/25.2.4083
Multivariate analysis of agro-morphological and quality traits of a durum wheat collection under rainfed Algerian conditions
Hassiba BEKADDOUR
orcid.org/0009-0001-3982-5873
; Department of Plants Production, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Laboratory, Higher National School of Agronomy, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
*
Nadjat BENKHERBACHE
; Department of Plants Production, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Laboratory, Higher National School of Agronomy, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
Samia YAHIAOUI
; Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, National Agronomic Research Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
Chafika DJENADI
; Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, National Agronomic Research Institute of Algeria, Algiers, Algeria
Abdelkader BENBELKACEM
; Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, National Agronomic Research Institute of Algeria, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
Hamza HEBBACHE
orcid.org/0000-0002-4605-9994
; Department of Plants Production, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Laboratory, Higher National School of Agronomy, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
Amina AKKOUCHE
; Technical Field Crops Institute (ITGC), El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
* Corresponding author.
Abstract
This study assesses the variability, heritability, and correlation of some agro-morphological and quality traits in 125 durum wheat germplasm and groups them into clusters. These germplasms include landraces and cultivars from a variety of countries. The field experiment was conducted at the Algiers experimental station during the 2020-2021 season using an augmented randomized complete block design, with data collected for 11 quantitative traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the genotypes for the majority of the traits examined. Plant height, flag leaf area, thousand-kernel-weight, number of kernels/spikes, sedimentation volume, yellow index, and wet and dry gluten all showed high heritability coupled with high to moderate genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. The principal components analysis explained 46.67% of the total variation in the first two axes, allowing the identification of traits that significantly contributed to this variation. Pearson correlation coefficients revealed strong associations between plant height and days to heading, which affects seed yield improvement, as well as protein content, gluten content, and sedimentation volume, which influence durum wheat nutritional quality. Cluster analysis divided the 125 durum wheat germplasm samples into five clusters based on trait similarities. Genotypes in clusters II, IV, and V exhibit superior agronomic and quality traits, making them valuable resources for breeding and crossing programs aimed at improving durum wheat. The findings also highlight the value of Algerian landrace germplasm and its potential for use in the genetic improvement of other external genetic materials, particularly in terms of quality trait parameters.
Keywords
durum wheat; variability; multivariate analysis; quality traits; landraces; yield
Hrčak ID:
318761
URI
Publication date:
28.6.2024.
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