Psihologijske teme, Vol. 34 No. 1, 2025.
Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.34.1.7
Are Bonobos Anxious When Others Are Ignorant of a Threat? Using an Affect Measure to Assess Theory-of-Mind Abilities in Bonobos
Robert Lurz
orcid.org/0000-0001-6803-343X
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Department of Philosophy, Brooklyn, NY, USA
*
Steven Samuel
; University of London, Department of Psychology, City St. George’s, London, UK
Jonathan Mshvelidze
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Macaluay Honors Program, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Abbey Cherry
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Macaluay Honors Program, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Jaida Dent
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Macaluay Honors Program, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Jordy Garcia
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Macaluay Honors Program, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Angelina Lambros
; Brooklyn College, CUNY, Macaluay Honors Program, Brooklyn, NY, USA
Amanda Epping
; Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative, Des Moines, IA, USA
Jared Taglialatela
; Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative, Des Moines, IA, USA; Kennesaw State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, GA, USA
* Dopisni autor.
Sažetak
Previous studies have shown that bonobos, along with other great apes, possess certain theory-of-mind (ToM) abilities, such as the ability to attribute states of knowledge and belief to others. Our study is the first to assess ToM abilities in bonobos using scratching behavior, a widely used affective measure in great apes. Subjects watched two videos; one video showed a group member ignorant of a snake threat while the other video showed a group member knowledgeable of a snake threat. The ToM hypothesis predicted greater frequency of scratching in subjects watching the ignorance video compared to subjects watching the knowledge video. Results were consistent with this prediction. All but one subject scratched more while watching the ignorance video, and subjects scratched nearly 4 times more often on average while watching the ignorance video. Small sample size prevents any strong conclusions to be reached; however, the experimental design has the potential to be used to assess the relation between affective states and ToM abilities in great apes and other species of nonhuman animals with ToM abilities in which there are reliable behavioral indexes of affective states.
Ključne riječi
theory-of-mind; affect measure; bonobos; snake-model; scratching; alarm call
Hrčak ID:
330212
URI
Datum izdavanja:
16.4.2025.
Posjeta: 30 *