Izvorni znanstveni članak
https://doi.org/10.22210/jezik.2026.73.03
The emergence of emic in the Croatian language studies
Ivan Marković
*
* Dopisni autor.
Sažetak
In the 1950s and 1960s, the opposition between emic and etic terms was widely discussed
in general linguistics and anthropology (cf. Pike, 1967). As far as we know, the first
term from this set, the one on which the others were based – phoneme – was used by the
French phonetician Antoni Dufriche-Desgenettes in the 1860s, perhaps borrowed from the
Bulgarian scholar Petăr Beron (Fr. phonème, cf. Mugdan, 2011, 2014). The term morpheme,
again as far as we know, was first used in the late 1870s by the Polish-Russian linguists
Mikołaj Kruszewski and Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (Rus. морфема, cf. Baudouin de
Courtenay, 1963), as well as the Swedish linguist Adolf Noreen in the 1890s (Swed. morfem,
cf. Noreen, 1899). The fact that these are general linguistic terms today is due primarily to
Ferdinand de Saussure, Roman Jakobson, and Leonard Bloomfield. The emergence of the
alloterms – allophone and allomorph – had to wait for the American linguists Benjamin L.
Whorf (E. allophone, 1938), Charles F. Hockett (E. morph, 1947), and Eugene A. Nida (E.
allomorph, 1948). In the present article it is shown how and when these emic terms slowly
entered circulation in Croatian linguistics – in the Uvod u opću lingvistiku (E. Introduction
to general linguistics) by Sreten Živković (1935), and then intensively in the 1960s.
Ključne riječi
emic; etic; phone; phoneme; allophone; morph; morpheme; allomorph
Hrčak ID:
350187
URI
Datum izdavanja:
1.2.2026.
Posjeta: 0 *